Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sęgati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*sę̀dzati

Etymology

From *sęg- +‎ *-ati. See *sęťi for etymology.

Verb

*sę̀gati

to reach for, to attain

Inflection

Conjugation of *sęgati, *sęga, *sęžetь (?, -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sęganьje	*sęgati	*sęgatъ	*sęgalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sęganъ	*sęžemъ
Active	*sęgavъ	*sęžę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sęgaxъ	*sęga	*sęga	*sęžǫ	*sęžeši	*sęžetь
Dual	*sęgaxově	*sęgasta	*sęgaste	*sęževě	*sęžeta	*sęžete
Plural	*sęgaxomъ	*sęgaste	*sęgašę	*sęžemъ	*sęžete	*sęžǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sęgaaxъ	*sęgaaše	*sęgaaše	—	*sęži	*sęži
Dual	*sęgaaxově	*sęgaašeta	*sęgaašete	*sęživě	*sęžita	—
Plural	*sęgaaxomъ	*sęgaašete	*sęgaaxǫ	*sęžimъ	*sęžite	—

Related terms

*sęťi (“to reach for”)
*sę̄gnǫ̀ti (“to reach for, to attain”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: сяга́ць (sjahácʹ)
- Russian: сяга́ть (sjagátʹ) (obsolete)
  - ⇒ Russian: посяга́ть (posjagátʹ, “to encroach, to infringe”)
- Ukrainian: сяга́ти (sjaháty)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: се́гам (ségam) (obsolete)
  - ⇒ Bulgarian: пося̀гам (posjàgam), дося̀гам (dosjàgam), прися̀гам (prisjàgam)
- Macedonian: сега (sega, “to reach”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: се̏зати (“to reach, to attain”), 1sg. се̏же̄м
  
  Latin: sȅzati (“to reach, to attain”), 1sg. sȅžēm
- Slovene: sẹ́zati (“to reach for”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. sẹ́zam (tonal orthography); sẹ́gati (“to reach for”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. sẹ́gam (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sahati (“to touch, to reach for”), 1sg. sahu, 2sg. sěžeš
  - Czech: sahat (“to touch, to reach for”)
- Polish: sięgać (“to reach for, to reach”)
- Silesian: siōngać
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: sëgac
  - Slovincian: sëgac
- Slovak: siahať (“to reach for”)
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: sahać
  - Lower Sorbian: segaś

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sę̀dzati; *sę̀gati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 449
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “сяга́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress