Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/měniti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

    From *měna (“change, exchange”) +‎ *-iti.

    Verb

    *měnìti[1][2]

    1. to change, to exchange
    Inflection
    Conjugation of *měniti, *měni, *měnitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
    Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
    *měňenьje *měniti *měnitъ *měnilъ
    Participles
    Tense Past Present
    Passive *měňenъ *měnimъ
    Active *měňь *měnę
    Aorist Present
    Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
    Singular *měnixъ *měni *měni *měňǫ *měniši *měnitь
    Dual *měnixově *měnista *měniste *měnivě *měnita *měnite
    Plural *měnixomъ *měniste *měnišę *měnimъ *měnite *měnętь
    Imperfect Imperative
    Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
    Singular *měňaaxъ *měňaaše *měňaaše — *měni *měni
    Dual *měňaaxově *měňaašeta *měňaašete *měnivě *měnita —
    Plural *měňaaxomъ *měňaašete *měňaaxǫ *měnimъ *měnite —
      Notes:
    • (*)*měnivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
    • *měna (“change, exchange”)
    Descendants
    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: мѣнити (měniti, “to exchange”) (15th century)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Cyrillic: мѣнитъ (měnitŭ, 3sg. pres.)
        Glagolitic: [Term?]
      • Bulgarian: меня́ (menjá)
      • Macedonian: мени (meni)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: ме́нити, мијѐнити
        Latin script: méniti, mijèniti
      • Slovene: menīti (tonal orthography) (obsolete)
    • West Slavic:
      • Old Czech: měniti
      • Old Polish: mienić
      • Slovak: meniť sa
      • Pomeranian:
        • Kashubian: mienic
        • Slovincian: mjênic
      • Sorbian:
        • Upper Sorbian: měnić
        • Lower Sorbian: měniś
    Further reading
    • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “ме́на”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 522
    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “меня́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “2.*mei̯-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 426
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*měniti (sę) I”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 173

    Etymology 2

      Cognate with Proto-Germanic *mainijaną (“to mean, to think”) (whence German meinen (“to mean”), English mean, etc.), Old Irish mían (“wish, desire”). Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *meyn-. Per Derksen, quoting Kluge-Seebold,[3] possibly related to *měniti (“to change”), with an original meaning "to consequentively present one's meaning".

      Verb

      *měnìti[4][5]

      1. to think
      Inflection
      Conjugation of *měniti, *měni, *měnitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
      Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
      *měňenьje *měniti *měnitъ *měnilъ
      Participles
      Tense Past Present
      Passive *měňenъ *měnimъ
      Active *měňь *měnę
      Aorist Present
      Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
      Singular *měnixъ *měni *měni *měňǫ *měniši *měnitь
      Dual *měnixově *měnista *měniste *měnivě *měnita *měnite
      Plural *měnixomъ *měniste *měnišę *měnimъ *měnite *měnętь
      Imperfect Imperative
      Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
      Singular *měňaaxъ *měňaaše *měňaaše — *měni *měni
      Dual *měňaaxově *měňaašeta *měňaašete *měnivě *měnita —
      Plural *měňaaxomъ *měňaašete *měňaaxǫ *měnimъ *měnite —
        Notes:
      • (*)*měnivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
      Descendants
      • East Slavic:
        • Old East Slavic: мѣнити (měniti) (12th–13th century)
          • Ukrainian: м'іни́ти (mʺinýty) (dialectal)
            • ⇒ Ukrainian: поміни́ти (pominýty)
      • South Slavic:
        • Old Church Slavonic:
          Cyrillic: мѣнити (měniti)
          Glagolitic: [Term?]
        • Serbo-Croatian:
          Cyrillic script: ме́нити, мијѐнити (regional)
          Latin: méniti, mijèniti (regional)
        • Slovene: menīti, mẹ́niti (tonal orthography)
      • West Slavic:
        • Old Czech: mieniti
        • Polish: mienić
        • Slovak: mieniť
        • Slovincian: mjìe̯nĭc
        • Sorbian:
          • Upper Sorbian: měnić
          • Lower Sorbian: mjěniś, měniś
      Further reading
      • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*měniti (sę) II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, pages 174-175

      References

      1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*měniti I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 311: “v. (c) ‘change, exchange’”
      2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “měniti: měnjǫ měnitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c blande (PR 140)”
      3. ^ Kluge, Friedrich (1995), “měniti”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 23rd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 551.
      4. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*měniti II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 312: “v. ‘think’”
      5. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “menīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*měni̋ti”
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