Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lopata

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    Formed as *lopъ (“leaf”) +‎ *-ata. Cognate with Lithuanian lópeta (“shovel”), Latvian lâpsta (“shovel, spade”) and Old Prussian lopto (“spade”).

    Noun

    *lopàta f[1]

    1. shovel, spade

    Declension

    Declension of *lopàta (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *lopàta *lopàtě *lopàty
    genitive *lopàty *lopàtu *lopàtъ
    dative *lopàtě *lopàtama *lopàtamъ
    accusative *lopàtǫ *lopàtě *lopàty
    instrumental *lopàtojǫ, *lopàtǭ** *lopàtama *lopàtamī
    locative *lopàtě *lopàtu *lopàtasъ, *lopàtaxъ*
    vocative *lopàto *lopàtě *lopàty

    * -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
    ** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Derived terms

    • *lopatarjь
    • *lopatastъ
    • *lopatati
    • *lopatica
    • *lopatina
    • *lopatinъ
    • *lopatistъjь
    • *lopatišče
    • *lopatiti
    • *lopatь
    • *lopatьcь
    • *lopatьnjь
    • *lopatьnъ
    • *lopatьskъjь
    • *lopatonogъjь
    • *lopatovъ
    • *lopatъka
    • *lopatъkъ

    Descendants

    • → Albanian: lopatë
    • → Aromanian: lupatã
    • → Hungarian: lapát
    • → Romanian: lopată
    • → Early Proto-Slavic or Proto-Balto-Slavic: *lapātā > Early Proto-Finnic: *lapita → Proto-Finnic: *lapida, *lapido

    Further reading

    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lopata”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 16 (*lokadlo – *lъživьcь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 39
    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “лопата”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • “lopeta”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

    References

    1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*lopàta”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 285: “f. ā ‘spade, shovel’”
    This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.