Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/korva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kárˀwāˀ, irregular centum reflex of Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-weh₂, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, top; horn”).

    Matasović (2008) argues that it was borrowed from Celtic in prehistorical times due to the impossibility of deriving it by regular sound laws:

    • PIE *ḱerh₂weh₂ > Proto-Celtic *kerawā > *karawā (Joseph's rule) > Early Proto-Slavic *karwā > Common Slavic *kőrva.

    Alternatively, Matasović's Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (2009) lists the Old Church Slavonic form krava “cow” as being related to the Proto-Celtic *karwo- (“deer”), ultimately coming from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (the first element of *ḱerh₂weh₂).

    Baltic cognates (either similarly irregularly inherited via Balto-Slavic, or borrowed from Celtic or Slavic) include Lithuanian kárvė (“cow”) and Old Prussian curwis (“ox”). For further Indo-European cognates see *ḱerh₂-.

    Noun

    *kòrva f[1][2][3]

    1. cow

    Inflection

    Declension of *kòrva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *kòrva *kòrvě *kòrvy
    genitive *kòrvy *kòrvu *kòrvъ
    dative *kòrvě *kòrvama *kòrvamъ
    accusative *kòrvǫ *kòrvě *kòrvy
    instrumental *kòrvojǫ, *kòrvǭ** *kòrvama *kòrvamī
    locative *kòrvě *kòrvu *kòrvasъ, *kòrvaxъ*
    vocative *kòrvo *kòrvě *kòrvy

    * -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
    ** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “корова”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Ranko Matasović (2008), Poredbenopovijesna gramatika hrvatskog jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: Matica hrvatska, page 53f
    • Ranko Matasović, (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic, Brill: Leiden-Boston, page 192.
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*korva”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 106

    References

    1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kòrva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 236: “f. ā (a) ‘cow’”
    2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “korva korvy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a ko (NA 75; SA 166, 177; PR 132; MP 21; RPT 109)”
    3. ^ Kapović, Mate (2007), “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎[2], University of Vienna, page 5: “*kőrva”
    This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.