Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klepati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Usually viewed as expressive or onomatopoeic in nature. Analogous forms found also in Lithuanian klepsė́ti (“to slam”), kleptóti (“to munch noisily”); Proto-Germanic *klappōną (“to clap”). Vasmer further compares Latin crepō (“to creak”).

See also Proto-Indo-European *klep- (“to steal”).

Verb

*klepàti impf (perfective *klepnǫti)^[1]^[2]

to knock, to clap
→ to rivet (metals), to hew

→ to wink, to blink

→ to shut/open a valve
to lure, to hint, to trap
to stain, to spatter

Conjugation

Conjugation of *klepati, *klepa, *klepľetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*klepanьje	*klepati	*klepatъ	*klepalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*klepanъ	*klepľemъ
Active	*klepavъ	*klepľę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*klepaxъ	*klepa	*klepa	*klepľǫ	*klepľeši	*klepľetь
Dual	*klepaxově	*klepasta	*klepaste	*klepľevě	*klepľeta	*klepľete
Plural	*klepaxomъ	*klepaste	*klepašę	*klepľemъ	*klepľete	*klepľǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*klepaaxъ	*klepaaše	*klepaaše	—	*klepľi	*klepľi
Dual	*klepaaxově	*klepaašeta	*klepaašete	*klepľivě	*klepľita	—
Plural	*klepaaxomъ	*klepaašete	*klepaaxǫ	*klepľimъ	*klepľite	—

Conjugation of *klepati, *klepa, *klepajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*klepanьje	*klepati	*klepatъ	*klepalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*klepanъ	*klepajemъ
Active	*klepavъ	*klepaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*klepaxъ	*klepa	*klepa	*klepajǫ	*klepaješi	*klepajetь
Dual	*klepaxově	*klepasta	*klepaste	*klepajevě	*klepajeta	*klepajete
Plural	*klepaxomъ	*klepaste	*klepašę	*klepajemъ	*klepajete	*klepajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*klepaaxъ	*klepaaše	*klepaaše	—	*klepaji	*klepaji
Dual	*klepaaxově	*klepaašeta	*klepaašete	*klepajivě	*klepajita	—
Plural	*klepaaxomъ	*klepaašete	*klepaaxǫ	*klepajimъ	*klepajite	—

Derived terms

nouns

(instrumental noun) *klepačь
(instrumental noun) *klepadlo
(instrumental noun) *klepьcь
(action noun) *klepotъ
(action noun) *klepъ
(instrumental noun) *klepъka

adjectives

*klepavъ
*klepьnъ

Related terms

*klepiti
*klopiti
*klapati, *klapa (probably)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: клепати (klepati, “to accuse”)
  - Belarusian: клепа́ць (kljepácʹ)
  - Russian: клепа́ть (klepátʹ)
  - Ukrainian: клепа́ти (klepáty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: клепати (klepati, “to allude”)
- Bulgarian: кле́пя (klépja), кле́пам (klépam)
  ⇒ Romanian: clipi (“to blink”)
- Macedonian: клепа (klepa)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: клѐпати
  
  Latin script: klèpati
- Slovene: klepáti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: klepat
- Polish: klepać
- Old Slovak:
  - Pannonian Rusyn: клєпац (kljepac)
  - Slovak: klepať
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: klepaś
  - Upper Sorbian: klepać

References

^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “klepati: klepjǫ klepjetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b banke (SA 210; PR 136)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “klepáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *klepa̋ti ‛tolči, bíti’,”