Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/godъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gadás, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰedʰ- (“to gather, to join”).[1]

    Cognate with Latvian gads (“year”), Latgalian gods (“year”), Proto-West Germanic *gad (“union”) and further related to Proto-West Germanic *gadur (“together”).

    Noun

    *gȍdъ m[1][2][3]

    1. suitable, right time
      Synonym: *doba
    2. holiday, festive season (in West Slavic)
    3. year (in East and South Slavic)

    Inflection

    Declension of *gȍdъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *gȍdъ *gȍda *gȍdi
    genitive *gȍda *godù *gòdъ
    dative *gȍdu *godomà *godòmъ
    accusative *gȍdъ *gȍda *gȍdy
    instrumental *gȍdъmь, *gȍdomь* *godomà *godý
    locative *gȍdě *godù *godě̃xъ
    vocative *gode *gȍda *gȍdi

    * -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

    Slovene and dial. Bulgarian (e.g. о́т году до́ году (ót godu dó godu, “for auld lang syne”)) also show evidence for u-stem declension.

    Alternative forms

    • *goda

    Derived terms

    • *godě (“suitably, contently”) (adverb)
    • *godina (“hour”)
    • *godežь (“gathering, matching”)
    • *sъgoda (“good, lucky occassion”)
    • *godìti (“to reconcile, to content”)

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: годъ (godŭ)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Old Cyrillic script: годъ (godŭ)
        Glagolitic script: ⰳⱁⰴⱏ (godŭ)
      • Bulgarian: год (god), го́да (góda, “matchmaking”)
      • Macedonian: год (god)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: го̑д
        Latin script: gȏd
      • Slovene: gọ̑d
    • West Slavic:
      • Czech: hod, hody
      • Kashubian: gòdë
      • Old Polish:
      • Slovak: hod
        • Hodi (oravské)
      • Sorbian:

    See also

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “год”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “год”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 198
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*godъ / *goda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 191
    • Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “год”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
    • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “год”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 259

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gȏdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 172: “m. o ‘right time’”
    2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “godъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c tid, frist (PR 137; RPT 84ff.)”
    3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “god”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *gȍdъ (in *godъ̏)”
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