Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dǫbъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dumbas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰu-m-bʰ-os with nasal interfix, from *dʰewbʰ- (“deep”).

Originally literally “tree with a depression, hollow (a characteristic feature of an old oak)” or “low-lying (oak likes to grow in low-lying and damp places)”. Compare Lithuanian dum̃blas (“swamp”).

Outdated etymologies associated *dǫbъ with a Proto-Indo-European root *dem- (“to build”).

The etymon is attested both as an o-stem and as a u-stem, but per Vasmer, the original more likely was u-stem.

Noun

*dǫ̑bъ m^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]

oak tree
oak (wood)

Declension

Declension of *dǫ̑bъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dǫ̑bъ	*dǫ̑ba	*dǫ̑bi
genitive	*dǫ̑ba	*dǫbù	*dǫ̃bъ
dative	*dǫ̑bu	*dǫbomà	*dǫbòmъ
accusative	*dǫ̑bъ	*dǫ̑ba	*dǫ̑by
instrumental	dǫ̑bъmь, dǫ̑bomь^*	*dǫbomà	*dǫbý
locative	*dǫ̑bě	*dǫbù	*dǫbě̃xъ
vocative	*dǫbe	*dǫ̑ba	*dǫ̑bi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Declension of *dǫ̑bъ (u-stem, accent paradigm c)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dǫ̑bъ	*dǫ̑by	*dǫ̑bove
genitive	*dǫ̑bu	*dǫbovù	*dǫbòvъ
dative	*dǫ̑bovi	*dǫbъmà	*dǫ̑bъmъ
accusative	*dǫ̑bъ	*dǫ̑by	*dǫ̑by
instrumental	*dǫ̑bъmь	*dǫbъmà	*dǫbъmì
locative	*dǫbú	*dǫbovù	*dǫ̑bъxъ
vocative	*dǫbu	*dǫ̑by	*dǫ̑bove

Related terms

Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewbʰ- (0 c, 6 e)

*dǫbasina f
*dǫbasišče n
*dǫbasiti
*dǫbasъ m
*dǫběnьcь
*dǫběnьka f
*dǫběnъ
*dǫbica f
*dǫbikъ
*dǫbina f
*dǫbisko pl
*dǫbišče n
*dǫbiti
*dǫbьcь m
*dǫbьje n
*dǫbьnica f
*dǫbьnikъ m
*dǫbьňakъ m
*dǫbьnъ
*dǫbľь
*dǫbovica f
*dǫbovina f
*dǫbovišče n
*dǫbovьcь m
*dǫbovьje n
*dǫbovъ
*dǫbovъka f
*dǫbra f
*dǫbrava f
*dǫbravica f
*dǫbravina f
*dǫbravьnikъ m
*dǫbravьnъ
*dǫbravъka f
*dǫbrovьcь m
*dǫbrovъ
*dǫbrъ m
*dǫbъkъ m

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: дѫбъ (dǫbŭ), дубъ (dubŭ), дубо (dubo)
  - Old Ruthenian: дубъ (dub)
    - Belarusian: дуб (dub)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: дуб (dub)
    - Ukrainian: дуб (dub)
  - Russian: дуб (dub)
- Old Novgorodian: *дѫбе (*dǫbe)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: дѫбъ (dǫbŭ)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰴⱘⰱⱏ (dǫbŭ)
  - Bulgarian: дъб (dǎb); дъп (dǎp), дъмп (dǎmp), дап (dap) (dialectal)
  - Macedonian: даб (dab); дап (dap), дуп (dup), дамп (damp) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ду̑б (archaic)
  
  Latin script: dȗb (archaic)
- Slovene: dọ̑b (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: dub
  - Czech: dub
- Old Polish: dąb
  - Polish: dąb
  - Silesian: dōmb
- Polabian: dǫ̇b
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: dąb
  - Slovincian: dõb
- Old Slovak: dub
  - Pannonian Rusyn: дуб (dub)
  - Slovak: dub
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: dub
  - Upper Sorbian: dub

References

^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dǫbъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 95
^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1981), “dǫ̑bъ 1”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 4 (dob'estь – družьstvo), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 185
^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dǫ̑bъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 114: “m. o (c) ‘oak’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “dǫbъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (NA 126; PR 137); d (RPT 102)”
^ Anikin, A. E. (2021), “дуб I”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 15 (друг – еренга), Moscow: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 63: “прасл. *dǫbъ ― prasl. *dǫb”
^ Lehr-Spławiński, T.; Polański, K. (1962), “dǫ̇b”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław; Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 118: “*dǫbъ”