Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bьrdo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰerh₃- (“to hit with a sharp instrument”) + *-do, whence also *boriti sę (“to fight”), and probably *borzda (“furrow”).

Cognate with Latvian birds (“loom”).

Usually compared with Germanic *burdą (“board, plank; table”), as if both from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥h₃dʰo-.

Noun

*bьrdo n

weaving comb, reed
(by extension, South Slavic) hill, mountain

Declension

Declension of *bьrdo (hard o-stem)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*bьrdo	*bьrdě	*bьrda
genitive	*bьrda	*bьrdu	*bьrdъ
dative	*bьrdu	*bьrdoma	*bьrdomъ
accusative	*bьrdo	*bьrdě	*bьrda
instrumental	bьrdъmь, bьrdomь^*	*bьrdoma	*bьrdy
locative	*bьrdě	*bьrdu	*bьrděxъ
vocative	*bьrdo	*bьrdě	*bьrda

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*bьrdica
*bьrdidlo
*bьrditi (sę)
*bьrdьce

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: бердо (berdo)
  - Old Ruthenian:
    - Carpathian Rusyn: бе́рдо (bérdo)
    - Belarusian: бёрда (bjórda)
    - Ukrainian: бе́рдо (bérdo)
  - Russian: бёрдо (bjórdo)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: бъ́рдо (bǎ́rdo)
- Macedonian: брдо (brdo), бердо (berdo)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: бр̏до
  
  Latin script: bȑdo
- Slovene: bŕdo (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: brdo
  - Czech: brdo
- Old Polish: bardo
  - Polish: bardo, Bardo
- Polabian: b́ordü
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: Biardo
  - Slovincian: bjardô
- Old Slovak: brdo, berdo, bardo
  - Pannonian Rusyn: бардо (bardo)
  - Slovak: brdo
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: bardo

Non-Slavic:
- → Hungarian: borda
- → Yiddish: בערטע (berte, “hillock, knoll”)

from earlier *birda:
- → Estonian: piird
- → Finnish: pirta
- → Ingrian: pirta
- → Karelian: pirta
- → Livvi: pirdu
- → Ludian: bird
- → Veps: bird
- → Votic: pirtõ

References

Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Skok, Petar (1971), “bьrdo”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page 204
Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bьrdo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 164
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бердо”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress