Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ľudьje

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljaudejes, nominative plural of *ljaudis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁léwdʰis.[1]

    Noun

    *ľȗdьje m pl[1][2]

    1. people

    Inflection

    Declension of *ľȗdьjē, *ľȗďē (i-stem, accent paradigm c, plural only)
    plural
    nominative *ľȗdьjē, *ľȗďē*
    genitive *ľudь̀jь
    dative *ľȗdьmъ
    accusative *ľȗdi
    instrumental *ľudьmì
    locative *ľȗdьxъ
    vocative *ľȗdьjē, *ľȗďē*

    * The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: людьѥ (ljudĭje), люди (ljudi)
      • Old Novgorodian: людьѥ (ljudĭje), лоудьѥ (ludĭje)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Cyrillic: людиѥ (ljudije)
        Glagolitic: ⰾⱓⰴⰻⰵ (ljudie)
      • Bulgarian: лю́де (ljúde), лю́ди (ljúdi)
      • Macedonian: луѓе (luǵe)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: љу̑ди
        Latin script: ljȗdi
        • Chakavian (Vrgada, Orbanići): ļȗdi
      • Slovene: ljudjẹ̑ (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “люд”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*ľudъ/*ľudь/*ľuda/*ľudo/*ľudьje”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 194
    • Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “люди”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ļȗdьje”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 282: “Npl. m. (c) ‘people’”
    2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “ljudьje”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c folk (PR 138)”
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