Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/tup

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction

  • Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *təp (Coblin, 1986)
    • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: dip ⪤ tip ⪤ dup ⪤ tup (Matisoff, 2003; STEDT)

STEDT makes a crucial typo: the correct Chinese comparandum is 答, not the 荅 (dá, “small bean”) that appears in STEDT.

There seems to be an alternation between *u ~ *i ~ *ə in this etymon.

Verb

*tup

  1. to hit, strike
  2. to throw, cast

Descendants

  • Chinese: 答 (OC *[t]ˤ[u]p (B-S), “to reply, answer”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Bodish: *tʰep (root *tap-)
  • Proto-Tamangic: *ᴮto (“to strike, thresh, pound”)
  • Naic
    • Proto-Naish: *tap
      • Naxi: diudiu (“to hit repeatedly; to throw at each other”)
      • Narua: diq (“to pound”)
  • Jingpho-Asakian
    • Jingpho: dup (“to pound”), adup
  • Central Naga
    • Ao: atep (“to hit, strike”)
  • Proto-Tani: *tup (“to strike”)
  • Kho-Bwa
    • Proto-Western Kho-Bwa: *tap (“lightning strike?”)
  • Newaric
    • Baram-Thangmi
      • Thangmi: तुप्सा
  • Karbi: thip (“to beat (a drum)”)
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