Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʕaly-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

Tentatively from Proto-Afroasiatic *ʕal-, if so cognate with Proto-Berber *aly- (“to ascend, climb”), and Egyptian jꜥr (“to ascend, arise”)

Verb

*ʕaly-

to ascend, to climb
to be high

Inflection

Conjugation of *ʕaly- (paʕala)

verbal noun					*ʕaly-
active participle					*ʕāliy-
passive participle					ʕalīy-, ʕalūy-
		singular				dual			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
perfect	m	*ʕalayku	*ʕalayka	*ʕalaya		*ʕalaykayā	*ʕalaykā	*ʕalayā	*ʕalayna	*ʕalaykanu	*ʕalayū
perfect	f	*ʕalayku	*ʕalayki	*ʕalayat		*ʕalaykayā	*ʕalaykā	*ʕalayatā	*ʕalayna	*ʕalaykina	*ʕalayā
imperfect	m	*ʔaʕlay	*taʕlay	*yiʕlay			*taʕlayā	*yaʕlayā	*niʕlay	*taʕlayū	*yiʕlayū
imperfect	f	*ʔaʕlay	*taʕlayī	*taʕlay			*taʕlayā	*taʕlayā	*niʕlay	*taʕlayā	*yiʕlayā
imperative	m		*ʕalay				*ʕalayā			*ʕalayū
imperative	f		*ʕalayī				*ʕalayā			*ʕalayā

Antonyms

Related terms

*ʕalay- (uncertain)

Descendants

East Semitic:
- Akkadian: 𒇯𒁺 (elûm)
West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
  - Arabic: عَلِيَ (ʕaliya), عَلَى (ʕalā)
  - Northwest Semitic:
    - Aramaic: [Term?]
      - Classical Syriac: [Term?]
      - Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܥܵܠܹܐ (ˁālē)
    - Canaanite:
      - Hebrew: עָלָה (ʕālā)
    - Ugaritic: 𐎓𐎍𐎊 (ʕly)
- Ethiopian Semitic:
  - Ge'ez: ለዐለ (läʿälä), ልዕለ (ləʿlä, “be high, superior, elevated”)
  - Tigrinya: ተላዕለ (tälaʿlä, “arise, lift”), ኣልዓለ (ʾalʿalä, “raise”)

References

Leslau, Wolf (1987), Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, reprinted 1991, 1997 and 2006 page 303-304