Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/kara

This Proto-Ryukyuan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
This Proto-Ryukyuan entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Ryukyuan

    Etymology 1

    From Proto-Japonic *kara (“lineage, origin”).

    Particle

    *kara

    2. ablative marker
    Descendants
    • Northern Ryukyuan:
      • Kikai: から (kara), ら (ra)
      • Kunigami: から (khara), ちゃら (chara), ら (ra)
      • Northern Amami Ōshima: はら (hara), か゚ら (xara), から (kara)
      • Okinawan: から (kara)
      • Okinoerabu: から (kara)
      • Southern Amami Ōshima: はら (hara), か゚ら (xara), から (kara)
      • Tokunoshima: から (kara)
      • Yoron: から (kara), ちゃら (chara)
    • Southern Ryukyuan:

    Etymology 2

      From Proto-Japonic *kara (“sharp of flavor; harsh”).

      Adjective

      *kara

      2. sharp of flavor
        1. salty
        2. spicy
        3. strong (of alcohol)
      3. harsh
      Descendants
      • Northern Ryukyuan: 카니ᅀᅡ (/⁠kʰa.ni.za⁠/) (Haytong Ceykwukki, 1501)
        • Kikai: 辛さい, 苛さい, 鹹さい (harasai)
        • Kunigami: 辛ーしぇん, 苛ーしぇん, 鹹ーしぇん (harāshen)
        • Northern Amami Ōshima: 辛さり, 苛さり, 鹹さり (larasari)
        • Okinawan: 辛さん, 苛さん, 鹹さん (karasan)
        • Okinoerabu: 辛さん, 苛さん, 鹹さん (harasan)
        • Southern Amami Ōshima: 辛ーさむっ, 苛ーさむっ, 鹹ーさむっ (karāsam)
        • Tokunoshima: 辛ーい, 苛ーい, 鹹ーい (karāi)
        • Yoron: 辛さん, 苛さん, 鹹さん (harasan)
      • Southern Ryukyuan:
        • Miyako: 辛, 苛, 鹹 (kara)
        • Yaeyama: 辛さん, 苛さん, 鹹さん (karasan)
        • Yonaguni: 辛ん, 苛ん, 鹹ん (karan)
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