Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-teros

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-teros. Cognate with Ancient Greek -τερος (-teros).

    Suffix

    *-teros

    1. contrastive or oppositional adjective suffix
      *kom- (with) + ‎*-teros → ‎*komteros (opposite)
      *minōs (less) + ‎*-teros → ‎*minosteros (lesser)

    Reconstruction notes

    The original Proto-Indo-European morpheme was likely also used as an emphatic suffix. This usage was preserved in terms such as Latin matertera (maternal aunt), which is related to *mātēr (mother). The original function may also be present in certain possessive pronouns, such as *nosteros (ours), related to *nōs (us).

    Declension

    Declension of *-teros (o/ā-stem)
    singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *-teros *-terā *-terom
    vocative *-tere *-tera *-terom
    accusative *-terom *-teram *-terom
    genitive *-terosjo, -terī *-terās *-terosjo, -terī
    dative *-terōi *-terāi *-terōi
    ablative *-terōd *-terād *-terōd
    locative *-terei *-terāi *-terei
    plural masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *-terōs, -teroi *-terās *-terā
    vocative *-terōs, -teroi *-terās *-terā
    accusative *-terons *-terans *-terā
    genitive *-terom *-terāzōm *-terom
    dative *-terois *-terais *-terois
    ablative *-terois *-terais *-terois
    locative *-terois *-terais *-terois

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Latin: -ter, -iter

    References

    • De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
    • Philip Baldi; Pierluigi Cuzzolin (2018), “Indo-European Languages”, in The World's Major Languages[1] (quotation in Undetermined; overall work in English), Routledge, →ISBN, page 154
    • Jesse Lundquist; Anthony D. Yates (2018-06-11), 122. The morphology of Proto-Indo-European[2] (quotation in English; overall work in English), De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, page 2117
    • Lukas Kahl (2024), Diachronic Studies in Indo-European Degree Morphology[3] (quotation in English; overall work in English), Harvard University
    • Brent Vine (23 October 2017), 48. The morphology of Italic[4] (quotation in English; overall work in English), De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 751–804
    • Blanca María Prósper (1 January 2018), “The Venetic Inscription from Monte Manicola and Three termini publici from Padua: A Reappraisal”, in Journal of Indo-European Studies[5] (quotation in English; overall work in English)
    • Warren Cowgill (11 November 2016), Italic and Celtic Superlatives and the Dialects of Indo-European[6] (quotation in English; overall work in English), University of Pennsylvania Press, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 113–154