Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/tr̥šáti
Proto-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tr̥sćáti, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥s-sḱé-ti, from *tres- + *-sḱéti.
Verb
*tr̥šáti[1]
Inflection
| Root thematic present | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sing. | 3rd | *tr̥šáti | ||||
| Plur. | 3rd | *tr̥šánti | ||||
| Active voice | ||||||
| Indicative | Imperfect | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative | ||
| Sing. | 1st | *tr̥šáH(mi) | *tr̥šám | — | *tr̥šaH(ni) | *tr̥šáyam |
| 2nd | *tr̥šáhi | *tr̥šáh | *tr̥šá | *tr̥šaHah(i) | *tr̥šáyš | |
| 3rd | *tr̥šáti | *tr̥šát | *tr̥šátu | *tr̥šaHat(i) | *tr̥šáyt | |
| Dual | 1st | ? | ? | — | ? | ? |
| 2nd | *tr̥šáθHah | ? | *tr̥šáθHam | ? | ? | |
| 3rd | *tr̥šátah | *tr̥šátam | *tr̥šátām | *tr̥šaHtah | ? | |
| Plur. | 1st | *tr̥šā́mah(i) | *tr̥šā́ma | — | *tr̥šaHama | *tr̥šáyma |
| 2nd | *tr̥šáθHa | *tr̥šáta | *tr̥šáta | *tr̥šaHθaHa | *tr̥šáyta | |
| 3rd | *tr̥šánti | *tr̥šántu | *tr̥šántu | *tr̥šaHant(i) | *tr̥šáyant | |
| Participle | *tr̥šā́h | |||||
| Mediopassive voice | ||||||
| Indicative | Imperfect | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative | ||
| Sing. | 1st | *tr̥šáy | *tr̥šáy | — | *tr̥šáHi | *tr̥šáya |
| 2nd | *tr̥šáhay | *tr̥šáha | *tr̥šáhwa | *tr̥šáHahay | *tr̥šáyša | |
| 3rd | *tr̥šátay | *tr̥šáta | *tr̥šátām | *tr̥šáHatay | *tr̥šáyta | |
| Dual | 1st | ? | ? | — | ? | ? |
| 2nd | *tr̥šáyθHay | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
| 3rd | *tr̥šáytay | *tr̥šáytam | ? | ? | *tr̥šáyātam | |
| Plur. | 1st | *tr̥šā́maday | *tr̥šā́madi | — | *tr̥šáHāmaday | *tr̥šáymadi |
| 2nd | *tr̥šádway | *tr̥šádwam | *tr̥šáydwam | *tr̥šáHadway | *tr̥šáydwam | |
| 3rd | *tr̥šántay, *-áray | *tr̥šánta | *tr̥šántām | *tr̥šáHantay, *-áHaram | *tr̥šáyanta | |
| Participle | *tr̥šaHnáh | |||||
Descendants
- Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (fratərəsaiti), 𐬙𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬯𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬌 (tərəsəṇti)
- Ossetian:
- Digor Ossetian: тӕрст (tærst), тарст (tarst)
- Iron Ossetian: тӕрсын (tærsyn), тарст (tarst)
- Parthian:
- Manichaean script: 𐫎𐫏𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫗𐫅 (ṯyrsynd, 3pl.pres.act.)
- Old Persian: 𐎫𐎼𐎿𐎫𐎡𐎹 (t-r-s-t-i-y /tạrsatiy/)
- Middle Persian:
- Manichaean script: 𐫤𐫏𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫅 (tyrsyd, 2sg.pres.act.)
- Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (tlsyt /tarsēd/, 3sg.pres.act.)
- Persian: ترسیدن (tarsidan)
- Middle Persian:
References
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*θrah (*trs)”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 393