Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/kamaraH

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

Has been compared with Sanskrit क्मर॑ति (kmárati, “to be crooked (in body or mind)”) and Latin camur.^[1]^[2]

Noun

*kamaraH f^[3]

waist
girdle

Inflection

aH-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kamaraH	*kamaray	*kamarāh
vocative	*kamaray	*kamaray	*kamarāh
accusative	*kamarām	*kamaray	*kamarāh
instrumental	*kamaraH, -ayaH	*kamaraHbʰyā(m)	*kamaraHbʰiš
ablative	*kamarayaHh	*kamaraHbʰyā(m)	*kamaraHbʰyah
dative	*kamarayaHi	*kamaraHbʰyā(m)	*kamaraHbʰyah
genitive	*kamarayaHh	*kamarayHāh	*kamaraHnaHam
locative	*kamarayaH	*kamarayHaw	*kamaraHhu

Descendants

Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬭𐬁 (kamarā, “girdle”)
Khwarezmian: [script needed] (kmr, “girdle”)
Middle Persian:
Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (kml /⁠kamar⁠/, “waist; girdle”)

Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭪𐭬𐭫𐭩 (kmly /⁠kamar⁠/, “girdle”)

Manichaean script: 𐫞𐫖𐫡 (qmr /⁠kamar⁠/, “vault”)
- Persian: کمر (kamar, “waist; girdle; arch, cupola, dome, arched bridge”) (see there for further descendants)
- → Aramaic:
  Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: קמרא (qamrā)
  
  Classical Syriac: ܩܡܪܐ (qamrā)
  
  Classical Mandaic: [script needed] (qamar)
  - → Persian: کمرا (kamrâ) (reborrowing)
- → Arabic: كَمَر (kamar)
→ Old Armenian: կամար (kamar, “girdle; arch, vault”)
→ Old Georgian: კამარაჲ (ḳamaray)
- Georgian: კამარა (ḳamara)
  - → Svan: კამრა̈ჲ (ḳamräy)
→ Ancient Greek: καμάρα (kamára, “anything with an arched cover”) (see there for further descendants)
→ Ancient Greek: καμαρίς (kamarís, “woman's ornament”)
→ Ge'ez: ቀመር (ḳämär)
→ Hebrew: קָמַר / קֶמֶר (qemer, qāmar)

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956), “kmárati”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 275
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “kam-er-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 524—525
^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2011), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 191–192: “*kamarā-”

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956), “kmárati”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 275

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “kam-er-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 524—525

[3] Edelʹman, D. I. (2011), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 191–192: “*kamarā-”

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