Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/jánHati

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *jánHati, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁-e-ti, from *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth”). Cognate with Sanskrit जनति (jánati).^[1]

Verb

*jánHati^[1]

(active voice) to give birth
(mediopassive voice) to be born

Inflection

Root thematic present
Sing.	3rd	*jánHati
Plur.	3rd	*jánHanti
Active voice
		Indicative	Imperfect	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
Sing.	1st	*jánHaH(mi)	*jánHam	—	*jánHaH(ni)	*jánHayam
	2nd	*jánHahi	*jánHah	*jánHa	*jánHaHah(i)	*jánHayš
	3rd	*jánHati	*jánHat	*jánHatu	*jánHaHat(i)	*jánHayt
Dual	1st	?	?	—	?	?
	2nd	*jánHaθHah	?	*jánHaθHam	?	?
	3rd	*jánHatah	*jánHatam	*jánHatām	*jánHaHtah	?
Plur.	1st	*jánHāmah(i)	*jánHāma	—	*jánHaHama	*jánHayma
	2nd	*jánHaθHa	*jánHata	*jánHata	*jánHaHθaHa	*jánHayta
	3rd	*jánHanti	*jánHantu	*jánHantu	*jánHaHant(i)	*jánHayant
Participle		*jánHāh
Mediopassive voice
		Indicative	Imperfect	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
Sing.	1st	*jánHay	*jánHay	—	*jánHaHi	*jánHaya
	2nd	*jánHahay	*jánHaha	*jánHahwa	*jánHaHahay	*jánHayša
	3rd	*jánHatay	*jánHata	*jánHatām	*jánHaHatay	*jánHayta
Dual	1st	?	?	—	?	?
	2nd	*jánHayθHay	?	?	?	?
	3rd	*jánHaytay	*jánHaytam	?	?	*jánHayātam
Plur.	1st	*jánHāmaday	*jánHāmadi	—	*jánHaHāmaday	*jánHaymadi
	2nd	*jánHadway	*jánHadwam	*jánHaydwam	*jánHaHadway	*jánHaydwam
	3rd	jánHantay, -aray	*jánHanta	*jánHantām	jánHaHantay, -aHaram	*jánHayanta
Participle		*jánHaHnah

Descendants

Northeastern Iranian:
- Khotanese: [script needed] (ysanīmä, 1sg.pres.act.)
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
  - Sogdian:
    Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫗𐫔𐫀 (znδʾ /⁠zanθa, zanta⁠/, 2pl.pres.impv.)
    
    Sogdian script: 𐼵𐼻𐽂𐼷 (znty /⁠zanati⁠/, 3sg.pret.intr.)
    
    Syriac script: ܙܢܐܬ (znʾt /⁠zanāt⁠/, 3sg.pres.subj.)
  - Yaghnobi: занта (zanta, 3sg.pres.med.?)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*zanH¹”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 464-6

[EDIV-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*zanH¹”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 464-6

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