Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/fráHdati
Proto-Iranian
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *práHdʰati, from Proto-Indo-European *pléh₁-dʰe-ti, from *pleh₁- (“to fill”).[1]
Verb
*fráHdati[2]
- to increase
Inflection
| Root thematic present | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sing. | 3rd | *fráHdati | ||||
| Plur. | 3rd | *fráHdanti | ||||
| Active voice | ||||||
| Indicative | Imperfect | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative | ||
| Sing. | 1st | *fráHdaH(mi) | *fráHdam | — | *fráHdaH(ni) | *fráHdayam |
| 2nd | *fráHdahi | *fráHdah | *fráHda | *fráHdaHah(i) | *fráHdayš | |
| 3rd | *fráHdati | *fráHdat | *fráHdatu | *fráHdaHat(i) | *fráHdayt | |
| Dual | 1st | ? | ? | — | ? | ? |
| 2nd | *fráHdaθHah | ? | *fráHdaθHam | ? | ? | |
| 3rd | *fráHdatah | *fráHdatam | *fráHdatām | *fráHdaHtah | ? | |
| Plur. | 1st | *fráHdāmah(i) | *fráHdāma | — | *fráHdaHama | *fráHdayma |
| 2nd | *fráHdaθHa | *fráHdata | *fráHdata | *fráHdaHθaHa | *fráHdayta | |
| 3rd | *fráHdanti | *fráHdantu | *fráHdantu | *fráHdaHant(i) | *fráHdayant | |
| Participle | *fráHdāh | |||||
| Mediopassive voice | ||||||
| Indicative | Imperfect | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative | ||
| Sing. | 1st | *fráHday | *fráHday | — | *fráHdaHi | *fráHdaya |
| 2nd | *fráHdahay | *fráHdaha | *fráHdahwa | *fráHdaHahay | *fráHdayša | |
| 3rd | *fráHdatay | *fráHdata | *fráHdatām | *fráHdaHatay | *fráHdayta | |
| Dual | 1st | ? | ? | — | ? | ? |
| 2nd | *fráHdayθHay | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
| 3rd | *fráHdaytay | *fráHdaytam | ? | ? | *fráHdayātam | |
| Plur. | 1st | *fráHdāmaday | *fráHdāmadi | — | *fráHdaHāmaday | *fráHdaymadi |
| 2nd | *fráHdadway | *fráHdadwam | *fráHdaydwam | *fráHdaHadway | *fráHdaydwam | |
| 3rd | *fráHdantay, *-aray | *fráHdanta | *fráHdantām | *fráHdaHantay, *-aHaram | *fráHdayanta | |
| Participle | *fráHdaHnah | |||||
Derived terms
- *wifráHdati (“to farther, promote”)
- Parthian: 𐫇𐫏𐫜𐫡𐫀𐫏𐫗𐫅 (wyfrʾynd /wifrāynd/, 3pl.pres.)
- Middle Persian: 𐫇𐫏𐫛𐫡𐫀𐫏𐫅 (wyprʾyd /wifrāyd/)
Descendants
- Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬛𐬆𐬧𐬙𐬉 (frādəṇtē, 3pl.pres.)
- Northeastern Iranian:
- Khwarezmian: [script needed] (šʾzy)
References
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*pleh₁-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 482-83
- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*fraHd”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 86