Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/cáčati

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
This Proto-Iranian entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćáčati, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱék-e-ti, from *ḱek- (to be able, capable) +‎ *-eti.

    Verb

    *cáčati

    1. to be prepared, fit, ready

    Inflection

    Root thematic present
    Sing. 3rd *cáčati
    Plur. 3rd *cákanti
    Active voice
    Indicative Imperfect Imperative Subjunctive Optative
    Sing. 1st *cákaH(mi) *cákam *cákaH(ni) *cákayam
    2nd *cáčahi *cáčah *cáča *cáčaHah(i) *cákayš
    3rd *cáčati *cáčat *cáčatu *cáčaHat(i) *cákayt
    Dual 1st ? ? ? ?
    2nd *cáčaθHah ? *cáčaθHam ? ?
    3rd *cáčatah *cáčatam *cáčatām *cáčaHtah ?
    Plur. 1st *cákāmah(i) *cákāma *cákaHama *cákayma
    2nd *cáčaθHa *cáčata *cáčata *cáčaHθaHa *cákayta
    3rd *cákanti *cáčantu *cákantu *cákaHant(i) *cákayant
    Participle *cáčāh
    Mediopassive voice
    Indicative Imperfect Imperative Subjunctive Optative
    Sing. 1st *cákay *cáčay *cákaHi *cákaya
    2nd *cáčahay *cáčaha *cáčahwa *cákaHahay *cákayša
    3rd *cáčatay *cáčata *cáčatām *cákaHatay *cákayta
    Dual 1st ? ? ? ?
    2nd *cáčayθHay ? ? ? ?
    3rd *cáčaytay *cáčaytam ? ? *cákayātam
    Plur. 1st *cákāmaday *cákāmadi *cákaHāmaday *cákaymadi
    2nd *cáčadway *cáčadwam *cáčaydwam *cákaHadway *cákaydwam
    3rd *cákantay, *-aray *cákanta *cáčantām *cákaHantay, *-aHaram *cákayanta
    Participle *cáčaHnah

    Descendants

    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Bactrian: σαχσ- (sakhs-, to be assessed) (< *saxsa-[1])
      • Ossetian: (to get stuck in)
        Digor Ossetian: сӕдзун (sæʒun)
        Iron Ossetian: сӕдзын (sæʒyn)
    • Northwestern Iranian:
      • Parthian: (to be prepared, fitting, ready)
        Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫝𐫏𐫅 (scyd /⁠sajēd⁠/)
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Middle Persian: (/⁠sazēd⁠/, to be fitting, becoming, necessary)
        Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫉𐫏𐫅 (szyd)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (scyt)
        • Classical Persian: سزد (sazad, it is fitting)

    References

    1. ^ Sims-Williams, Nicholas (2007), Bactrian Documents from Northern Afghanistan II. Letters and Buddhist texts (Studies in the Khalili Collection III, Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum II; II), Oxford: Nour Foundation in association with Azimuth Editions and Oxford University Press, page 263
    • Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*sač¹”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 323