Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hrawpācáh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Alternative forms

  • *Hrawpacáh

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hrawpāćás.

Noun

*Hrawpācáh m

  1. fox

Inflection

masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *Hrawpācáh *Hrawpācā́(w) *Hrawpācā́h(ah)
vocative *Hráwpāca *Hráwpācā(w) *Hráwpācāh(ah)
accusative *Hrawpācám *Hrawpācā́(w) *Hrawpācā́nh
instrumental *HrawpācáH *Hrawpācáybʰyā(m) *Hrawpācā́yš
ablative *Hrawpācā́t *Hrawpācáybʰyā(m) *Hrawpācáybʰyah
dative *Hrawpācā́y *Hrawpācáybʰyā(m) *Hrawpācáybʰyah
genitive *Hrawpācáhya *Hrawpācáyāh *Hrawpācā́naHam
locative *Hrawpācáy *Hrawpācáyaw *Hrawpācáyšu

Alternative reconstructions

Descendants

  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Scythian: *rōpāsi
      • Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *rōbāsi
        • Proto-Saka: *rōwāsi
          • Khotanese: [script needed] (rrūvāsa), [script needed] (rrivāsa)
      • Proto-Sarmatian: *rōβās
        • Alanic: *roβas
          • Ossetian:
            Digor Ossetian: робас (robas)
            Iron Ossetian: рувас (ruvas)
          • → Old Hungarian: ruoz, ruvoz (< earlier Proto-Hungarian *ropas[3])
            • Hungarian: ravasz (see there for further descendants)
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Khwarezmian: روبس (rwbs)
      • Proto-Sogdic: *ráo̭pasah
        • Sogdian: (/rṓpas/)
          Buddhist: [script needed] (rwps)
          Manichaean script: 𐫡𐫇𐫛𐫘 (rwps)
        • Yaghnobi: rū́pas
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Ormuri: [script needed] (rawas)
    • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:
      • Proto-Munji-Yidgha:
        • Munji: [script needed] (rausa)
        • Yidgha: [script needed] (rūso)
      • Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:
        • Proto-Shughni-Roshani:
          • Sarikoli: rapc
          • Shughni: ру̊пц (rū̊pc), (Bartangi, Roshani) рӯпц (rūpc)
        • Yazghulami: рәпц (rəpc), рәбц (rəbc)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: [script needed] (ropāsk)
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
      • Caspian:
        • Gilaki: [script needed] (lavās)
        • Mazanderani: [script needed] (luās)
      • Proto-Komisenian:
        • Sangisari: روه (rɛva)
      • Old Median: *rawbāsah
        • Middle Median: *rūbās
          • Kermanic:
            • Yazdi: [script needed] (ruwås)
          • Sivandi: rūbā
          • Southern Tati: [script needed] (lūas)
        • Talysh: rivos
        • Talysh: рывос
        • Talysh: rıvos
        • → Elamite: 𒊏𒌋𒁀𒊓 (ra-u-ba-sa)
      • Parthian: [script needed] (rwbʾs /⁠rōbās⁠/)
      • Semnani: ruvā́
      • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
        • Gurani: رۋاس (řiʋās)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: *raupāθah[1]
      • Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wpʾh /⁠rōbāh⁠/)
        • Classical Persian: روباه (rōbāh)
        • Lurish رۋا (rüā)
          • Nahavandi: رڤا (revā)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Novák, Ľubomír (2013), Problem of Archaism and Innovation in the Eastern Iranian Languages (PhD dissertation)‎[1], Prague: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, filozofická fakulta, page 77
  2. ^ Cathcart, Chundra Aroor (2015), Iranian Dialectology and Dialectometry (PhD dissertation)‎[2], Berkeley: University of California at Berkeley
  3. ^ Palmér, Axel; Jakob, Anthony; Thorsø, Rasmus; Paulus, van Sluis; Swanenvleugel, Cid; Kroonen, Guus (2021), “Proto-Indo-European ‘fox’ and the reconstruction of an athematic ḱ-stem”, in Indo-European Linguistics‎[3], volume 9, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 234–263
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