Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Háčart

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hákart.

Verb

*Háčart^[1]

to do, make

Inflection

Root athematic aorist
Sing.	3rd	*Háčart
Plur.	3rd	*Hákr̥ánt
Active voice
		Injunctive	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
Sing.	1st	*Háčaram	—	*HáčaraH(ni)	*Hákr̥yā́m
	2nd	*Háčarš	*Hákr̥dí	*Háčarah(i)	Hákr̥yáHs, Hákr̥íHs
	3rd	*Háčart	*Hákr̥tú	*Háčarat(i)	Hákr̥yáHt, Hákr̥íHt
Dual	1st	*Hákr̥wá	—	*Háčarāwa?	Hákr̥yáHwa?, Hákr̥iHwá?
	2nd	?	*Hákr̥tám	*HáčaraθHah?	Hákr̥yáHtam, Hákr̥iHtám
	3rd	*Hákr̥tám	*Hákr̥tā́m	*Háčaratah	Hákr̥yáHtām, Hákr̥iHtā́m
Plur.	1st	*Hákr̥má	—	*Háčarāma	Hákr̥yáHma?, Hákr̥iHmá?
	2nd	*Hákr̥tá	*Hákr̥tá	HáčaraθHa, -ata	Hákr̥dHwáy, Hákr̥yáHta, *Hákr̥iHtá
	3rd	*Hákr̥ánt	*Hákr̥ántu	*Háčarant(i)	Hákr̥yáHr̥(š), -yáHant, Hákr̥iHŕ̥(š), -íHat
Participle		*Hákr̥ā́h
Mediopassive voice
		Injunctive	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
Sing.	1st	*Hákr̥í	—	Hákr̥áHy, -áHnay	*Hákr̥iHá
	2nd	*Hákr̥šá	*Hákr̥šwá	*Hákr̥áhay	*Hákr̥iHsá
	3rd	*Hákr̥tá	*Hákr̥ā́m	*Hákr̥átay	*Hákr̥iHtá
Dual	1st	*Hákr̥wádi	—	*HáčarāwádHay?	*HáčariHwádHi?
	2nd	?	?	*HáčaráyθHay?	*HáčariHáθHām?
	3rd	*Hákr̥ā́tam	*Hákr̥ayam	*Háčaráytay	*HáčariHā́tam?
Plur.	1st	*Hákr̥mádi	—	*Hákr̥ā́maday	*Hákr̥iHmádHi
	2nd	*Hákr̥dwám	*Hákr̥dwám	Hákr̥ádHway, -ádHwam	*Hákr̥iHdHwám?
	3rd	*Hákr̥nta	*Hákr̥rā́m	*Hákr̥ántay	*Hákr̥iHrám
Participle		*Hákr̥mHnah

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬗𐬋𐬭𐬆𐬝 (cōr^ət̰, 3sg.aor.act.inj.)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Ossetian:
  Digor Ossetian: кӕнун (kænun), конд (kond)
  
  Iron Ossetian: кӕнын (kænyn), конд (kond)
Southeastern Iranian:
- Pashto: کول (kawəl, kṛəl)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: [script needed] (kan-, ku(r)t-)
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: کردن (kirdin)
  
  Northern Kurdish: kirin
- Zazaki: kerden, kerd
Southwestern Iranian:
- Old Persian: 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎫𐎠 (a-ku-u-t-a /⁠akuʳtā⁠/, 3sg.aor.med.ind.)
  - Middle Persian: (/⁠kard⁠/)\
    Manichaean script: 𐫐𐫏𐫡𐫅 (kyrd)
    
    Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (krt')
    - Persian: کردن (kardan, “to make, to do”)

References

^ Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*kar”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 236–238

[1] Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*kar”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 236–238

[1]