Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/HyáwHasam

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Related to *gáw-HyuH-tiš (“pasture”) (whence Vedic गव्यूति (gavyūti) and Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬙𐬌 (gaoiiaoⁱti)) and *HyuH-tH-ás (“herd”) (whence Vedic यूथ (yūthá)), thus going back to a root *HyawH- (“to graze”). The root has been hypothesizes to have been derived from Proto-Indo-European based on its shape, but no non-Indo-Iranian cognates have been found.

Noun

*HyáwHasam n

a pasture

Inflection

neuter a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*HyáwHasam	*HyáwHasay	*HyáwHasaH
vocative	*HyáwHasam	*HyáwHasay	*HyáwHasaH
accusative	*HyáwHasam	*HyáwHasay	*HyáwHasaH
instrumental	*HyáwHasaH	*HyáwHasaybʰyā(m)	*HyáwHasāyš
ablative	*HyáwHasāt	*HyáwHasaybʰyā(m)	*HyáwHasaybʰyas
dative	*HyáwHasāy	*HyáwHasaybʰyā(m)	*HyáwHasaybʰyas
genitive	*HyáwHasasya	*HyáwHasayās	*HyáwHasānaHam
locative	*HyáwHasay	*HyáwHasayaw	*HyáwHasayšu

Derived terms

*Hsu-HyáwHasas (“having good pastures”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hsu-HyáwHasas
  - Sanskrit: सूयवस (sūyávasa)

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HyáwHasam
- Sanskrit: यवस (yávasa)
Proto-Iranian: *HyáwHaham
- Avestan: 𐬫𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀 (yauuaŋha)
>? Proto-Nuristani: *yosa (or borrowed from Indo-Aryan)
- Kamkata-viri:
  Southeastern: yüs
  
  Western: yus
- >? Prasuni: (or borrowed from Katë)
  Pronz: üs, yüs
- Southern Nuristani:
  - Ashkun:
    Sanu: yos
  - Waigali:
    Nisheigram: yus

References

Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “yávasa-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “yávasa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 603