Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/Hmaygʰás

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₃meygʰ-

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hmaygʰás

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₃moygʰ-ó-s, from *h₃meygʰ- (“fog, mist, cloud”) +‎ *-ós.

Noun

*Hmaygʰás m^[1]

cloud

Declension

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*Hmaygʰás	*Hmaygʰā́(w)	*Hmaygʰā́s(as)
vocative	*Hmáygʰa	*Hmáygʰā(w)	*Hmáygʰās(as)
accusative	*Hmaygʰám	*Hmaygʰā́(w)	*Hmaygʰā́ns
instrumental	*HmaygʰáH	*Hmaygʰáybʰyā(m)	*Hmaygʰā́yš
ablative	*Hmaygʰā́t	*Hmaygʰáybʰyā(m)	*Hmaygʰáybʰyas
dative	*Hmaygʰā́y	*Hmaygʰáybʰyā(m)	*Hmaygʰáybʰyas
genitive	*Hmaygʰásya	*Hmaygʰáyās	*Hmaygʰā́naHam
locative	*Hmaygʰáy	*Hmaygʰáyaw	*Hmaygʰáyšu

Related terms

*Hmíkš

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hmaygʰás
- Sanskrit: मेघ (meghá) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *Hmaygáh^[2]
- Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬉𐬖𐬀 (maēγa)
- Northern Kurdish: mij
- Parthian:
  Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫏𐫃 (myg /⁠mēγ⁠/)
  - → Middle Persian:
    Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (myγ /⁠mēγ⁠/, “cloud, mist”)
    - Persian: میغ (miġ)

References

^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “meghá-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2015), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume V, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 140—142

[IAIL-1] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “meghá-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[ESIJa-2] Edelʹman, D. I. (2015), Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume V, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 140—142

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[2]