Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/temp-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

    Perhaps an extension of *ten-.[1]

    Root

    *temp-[2][3][4]

    1. to stretch, exert an effort on

    Reconstruction notes

    According to the EIEC, if the root is connected with tempus (“time”), then it may indicate that the Proto-Indo-European people viewed time as a linear construct.[1]

    Derived terms

    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *temp- (2 c, 0 e)
    • *témp-e-ti (thematic root present)[3]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *témptei[5]
      • Proto-Tocharian:
    • *tḗmp-st (athematic s-aorist)
      • Proto-Tocharian:
        • Tocharian A: campär
    • *témp-os ~ *témp-es-os (“stretch”)[7]
    • *tm̥peh₂[8]
      • Proto-Armenian:
    • *tṃp-tόs or *temp-tós[9]
      • Proto-Italic: *t(e)mptos
    • *tomp-éh₂[6]
      • Proto-Germanic:
        • Old Norse: þǫmb
    Unsorted formations

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*temp-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 187
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “cämp-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 272-273: “from PIE *temp- ± 'stretch, exert an effort on’”
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*temp-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 626
    4. ^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 611: “*temp- ‘stretch’ Lat tempus?”
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Derksen, Rick (2015), “tempti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 463
    6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*þambō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 532
    7. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “tempus, -oris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 611: “PIE *temp-os, -es-”
    8. ^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999), The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 61: “*tm̥páh₂”
    9. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “temptō, -are”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 611: “PIE *t(e)mp-to-”
    10. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015), “tēmpran”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 565
    11. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*tāp”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 389

    Further reading

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