Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/peḱ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology 1

    Root

    *peḱ-[1]

    2. to pluck (wool, hair)
    Derived terms
    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peḱ- (pluck) (10 c, 0 e)
    • *péḱ-ti
      • Hellenic:
        • Ancient Greek: πέκω (pékō, “to comb”)
    • *peḱ-te-ti (perhaps by metathesis from *petḱ- < *pe-pḱ- or the same seen in *pléḱ-te-ti)
      • Proto-Germanic: *fehtaną (“to comb, detangle, struggle”)
      • Hellenic:
      • Proto-Italic: *pektō
    • *pḱ-t-ḗn
    • *poḱ-os-
      • Proto-Germanic: *fahaz (“sheep”)
    • *poḱ-o-
    • *poḱ-ti-
    • *poḱ-s-om
    • *poḱ-s-mn̥
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *páćšma (see there for further descendants)
    Unsorted formations
    • Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: pešù, pèšti (“to pluck, tear (of hair)”), iterative pašýti (“to brawl”)

    Etymology 2

      Root

      *peḱ-[2]

      Benveniste (1969: 47-61) proposed that the primary meaning was "movable property, wealth", with a secondary meaning of "livestock" simply because this was how wealth was measured by the Proto-Indo-Europeans (and many descendant cultures). In corroboration, Kim McCone (1991:43-44) highlights wealth- and/or status-oriented terms such as Old Irish (am)bue, Homeric Greek -boios, and Sanskrit -guh.

      1. wealth
      3. livestock
      Derived terms
      Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peḱ- (livestock) (19 c, 0 e)
      • *peḱ-u
      • *péḱ-os ~ *péḱ-es-os
        • Proto-Hellenic: *pékos
          • Ancient Greek: πέκος (pékos, “fleece, wool”)
        • Proto-Italic: *pekos
          • Latin: pecus (“cattle”) (see there for further descendants)

      Etymology 3

        Root

        *peḱ-[3]

        2. joyful
        3. pretty
        Derived terms
        Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *peḱ- (joyful) (5 c, 0 e)
        • *peḱ- (root present)
          • Proto-Germanic: *fehaną (“to rejoice”)
            • Old English: gefēon (“to be glad”), fægen (“glad”, past participle)
            • Old High German: gifehan (“to be glad”)
            • Old Norse: feginn (past participle)
        • *poḱ-éye- (causative)
        Unsorted formations
        • Celtic:
          • Middle Irish: perhaps āil (“pleasant”)
        • Germanic:

        References

        1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “pectō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
        2. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “pecū”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
        3. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
        4. ^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007), “puõšti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Lithuanian Language]‎[2] (in Polish), Vilnius: Vilnius University, page 489
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