Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃reǵtós
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten”) + *-tós (deverbal adjectival suffix).
Adjectives with this suffix normally have a zero-grade root, showing that this is a late PIE or post-PIE innovation and may not have appeared at all in Proto-Indo-European or in Vedic.[1]
Adjective
*h₃reǵtós[1]
Inflection
| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *h₃reǵtós | *h₃reǵtéh₂ | |
| genitive | *h₃reǵtósyo | *h₃reǵtéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₃reǵtós | *h₃reǵtóh₁ | *h₃reǵtóes |
| vocative | *h₃reǵté | *h₃reǵtóh₁ | *h₃reǵtóes |
| accusative | *h₃reǵtóm | *h₃reǵtóh₁ | *h₃reǵtóms |
| genitive | *h₃reǵtósyo | *? | *h₃reǵtóHom |
| ablative | *h₃reǵtéad | *? | *h₃reǵtómos, *h₃reǵtóbʰos |
| dative | *h₃reǵtóey | *? | *h₃reǵtómos, *h₃reǵtóbʰos |
| locative | *h₃reǵtéy, *h₃reǵtóy | *? | *h₃reǵtóysu |
| instrumental | *h₃reǵtóh₁ | *? | *h₃reǵtṓys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₃reǵtéh₂ | *h₃reǵtéh₂h₁(e) | *h₃reǵtéh₂es |
| vocative | *h₃reǵtéh₂ | *h₃reǵtéh₂h₁(e) | *h₃reǵtéh₂es |
| accusative | *h₃reǵtā́m | *h₃reǵtéh₂h₁(e) | *h₃reǵtéh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *h₃reǵtéh₂s | *? | *h₃reǵtéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *h₃reǵtéh₂s | *? | *h₃reǵtéh₂mos, *h₃reǵtéh₂bʰos |
| dative | *h₃reǵtéh₂ey | *? | *h₃reǵtéh₂mos, *h₃reǵtéh₂bʰos |
| locative | *h₃reǵtéh₂, *h₃reǵtéh₂i | *? | *h₃reǵtéh₂su |
| instrumental | *h₃reǵtéh₂h₁ | *? | *h₃reǵtéh₂mis, *h₃reǵtéh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₃reǵtóm | *h₃reǵtóy(h₁) | *h₃reǵtéh₂ |
| vocative | *h₃reǵtóm | *h₃reǵtóy(h₁) | *h₃reǵtéh₂ |
| accusative | *h₃reǵtóm | *h₃reǵtóy(h₁) | *h₃reǵtéh₂ |
| genitive | *h₃reǵtósyo | *? | *h₃reǵtóHom |
| ablative | *h₃reǵtéad | *? | *h₃reǵtómos, *h₃reǵtóbʰos |
| dative | *h₃reǵtóey | *? | *h₃reǵtómos, *h₃reǵtóbʰos |
| locative | *h₃reǵtéy, *h₃reǵtóy | *? | *h₃reǵtóysu |
| instrumental | *h₃reǵtóh₁ | *? | *h₃reǵtṓys |
Descendants
- Proto-Germanic: *rehtaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *orektós
- Ancient Greek: ὀρεκτός (orektós)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hraštás (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *rektos
- Latin: rēctus
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN