Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ed-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₂ed-^[1]^[2]

to dry
grain, barley

Root extensions

*h₂ed-s-?
- *h₂eHs-?

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ed- (1 c, 0 e)

*h₂d-yé-ti (yé-present) or *h₂éd-ye-ti (ye-present)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἄζω (ázō)

*h₂ód-ey ~ h₂d-énti^[3]
- Proto-Anatolian:
  - Hittite: 𒄩𒀀𒋾 (ḫāt-, “to dry up, become parched”)

*h₂d-tis?
- Proto-Armenian:
  - >? Old Armenian: հօտ (hōt)

*h₂éd-os ~ *h₂éd-es-os?^[4]
- Proto-Armenian:
  - >? Old Armenian: հատ (hat)
- >? Proto-Germanic: , *atiska-
  - >? Gothic: 𐌰𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺 (atisk)
- Proto-Celtic:
  - Old Irish: ad
- Proto-Anatolian:
  - >? Hittite: [script needed] (ḫattar), [script needed] (ḫātar)^[5]^[6]
  - Lycian: [script needed] (*xadar)?
    - ⇒? Lycian: [script needed] (xadrñna)^[5]

*h₂éd-ōs?
- Proto-Italic: *adōs?
  - Latin: ador (or from *h₂éd-os)

*h₂edtós
- Proto-Italic: *assos (see there for further descendants)

*h₂od-u-?^[4]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian:
  - Proto-Iranian:
    - >? Old Persian: *ādu-?^[7]
      - ⇒? Old Persian: [script needed] (ādukainaiša)
        →? Elamite: [script needed] (ḫa-du-iš)

Unsorted formations

Proto-Armenian:
- >? Old Armenian: հաճար (hačar)
Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Iranian:
  - >? Avestan: 𐬁𐬜𐬏𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬜𐬁𐬥𐬀 (āδūfraδāna) (or from *h₁ed-)^[8]
Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Iranian:
  - >? Sogdian: [script needed] (ʾʾdwk)

References

^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*h₂ed-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 255
^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*h₂ed-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 237
^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “ḫāt-ⁱ / ḫat-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 328-329
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Kroonen, Guus; Jakob, Anthony; Palmér, Axel; van Sluis, Paulus; Wigman, Andrew (12 October 2022), “Indo-European cereal terminology suggests a Northwest Pontic homeland for the core Indo-European languages”, in Wichmann, Søren, editor, PLoS ONE‎^[1], volume 17, number 10, →DOI, page 9 of 45: “?*h₂ed-o(s)-”
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Valerio Pisaniello (2021), The Lycian toponym Κάδρεμα and the Anatolian wheat‎^[2], ESP, →ISBN, pages 70-73
^ Calvert Watkins (1975), “Latin ador, Hittite ḫat- Again: Addenda to HSCP 77 (1973) 187-193”, in Harvard Studies in Classical Philology‎^[3], volume 79, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 181–187
^ Eric P. Hamp (1973), “ONCE AGAIN IRANIAN *ādu”, in Transactions of the Philological Society‎^[4], volume 72, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, page 137
^ E. E. Emmerick (1966), “Some Reinterpeetations in the Avesta”, in Transactions of the Philological Society‎^[5], volume 65, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 6-7