Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂éwsteros
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *h₂éws-s ~ *h₂us-és (“dawn”) + *-teros (contrastive suffix), ultimately from the root *h₂ews- (“to dawn”).
Adjective
Declension
| Thematic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *h₂éwsteros | *h₂éwstereh₂ | |
| genitive | *h₂éwsterosyo | *h₂éwstereh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₂éwsteros | *h₂éwsteroh₁ | *h₂éwsteroes |
| vocative | *h₂éwstere | *h₂éwsteroh₁ | *h₂éwsteroes |
| accusative | *h₂éwsterom | *h₂éwsteroh₁ | *h₂éwsteroms |
| genitive | *h₂éwsterosyo | *? | *h₂éwsteroHom |
| ablative | *h₂éwsteread | *? | *h₂éwsteromos, *h₂éwsterobʰos |
| dative | *h₂éwsteroey | *? | *h₂éwsteromos, *h₂éwsterobʰos |
| locative | *h₂éwsterey, *h₂éwsteroy | *? | *h₂éwsteroysu |
| instrumental | *h₂éwsteroh₁ | *? | *h₂éwsterōys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₂éwstereh₂ | *h₂éwstereh₂h₁(e) | *h₂éwstereh₂es |
| vocative | *h₂éwstereh₂ | *h₂éwstereh₂h₁(e) | *h₂éwstereh₂es |
| accusative | *h₂éwsterām | *h₂éwstereh₂h₁(e) | *h₂éwstereh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *h₂éwstereh₂s | *? | *h₂éwstereh₂oHom |
| ablative | *h₂éwstereh₂s | *? | *h₂éwstereh₂mos, *h₂éwstereh₂bʰos |
| dative | *h₂éwstereh₂ey | *? | *h₂éwstereh₂mos, *h₂éwstereh₂bʰos |
| locative | *h₂éwstereh₂, *h₂éwstereh₂i | *? | *h₂éwstereh₂su |
| instrumental | *h₂éwstereh₂h₁ | *? | *h₂éwstereh₂mis, *h₂éwstereh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₂éwsterom | *h₂éwsteroy(h₁) | *h₂éwstereh₂ |
| vocative | *h₂éwsterom | *h₂éwsteroy(h₁) | *h₂éwstereh₂ |
| accusative | *h₂éwsterom | *h₂éwsteroy(h₁) | *h₂éwstereh₂ |
| genitive | *h₂éwsterosyo | *? | *h₂éwsteroHom |
| ablative | *h₂éwsteread | *? | *h₂éwsteromos, *h₂éwsterobʰos |
| dative | *h₂éwsteroey | *? | *h₂éwsteromos, *h₂éwsterobʰos |
| locative | *h₂éwsterey, *h₂éwsteroy | *? | *h₂éwsteroysu |
| instrumental | *h₂éwsteroh₁ | *? | *h₂éwsterōys |
Alternative reconstructions
- *h₂usésteros
Descendants
- Proto-Germanic: *austraz (“eastern”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hušástaras
- Proto-Iranian: *Hušástarah
- Avestan:
- Younger Avestan: 𐬎𐬱𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀 (ušastara, “eastern”)
- → Middle Persian: [script needed] (ʾwšstl /ōšastar/, “east(ern)”)
- Avestan:
- Proto-Iranian: *Hušástarah
- Proto-Italic: *austeros
- Latin: auster (“south wind”) (see there for further descendants)
References
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “au̯es-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 86-87: “*aus-[e]s-tero-”
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*austera-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 43: “*h₂eus-tero-; *h₂us-es-tero-”
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “auster, -trī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 64: “PIE *h₂eus-tero-”