Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰrómos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *gʰrem- (“to roar, rumble; to thunder”) +‎ *-os

Noun

*gʰrómos m (non-ablauting)^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

a roar, rumble
thunder

Inflection

Thematic
	singular
nominative	*gʰrómos
genitive	*gʰrómosyo
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gʰrómos	*gʰrómoh₁	*gʰrómoes
vocative	*gʰróme	*gʰrómoh₁	*gʰrómoes
accusative	*gʰrómom	*gʰrómoh₁	*gʰrómoms
genitive	*gʰrómosyo	*?	*gʰrómoHom
ablative	*gʰrómead	*?	gʰrómomos, gʰrómobʰos
dative	*gʰrómoey	*?	gʰrómomos, gʰrómobʰos
locative	gʰrómey, gʰrómoy	*?	*gʰrómoysu
instrumental	*gʰrómoh₁	*?	*gʰrómōys

Descendants

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gramas
- Proto-Slavic: *gromъ (see there for further descendants)
>? Proto-Germanic: *gramaz (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *kʰrómos
- Ancient Greek: χρόμος (khrómos)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gʰrámas
- Proto-Iranian: *grámah
  - Pashto: غړوم (ğṛum, “roar; rumble, peal of thunder”)
  - Persian: غرم (ġaram)

References

^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*gʰrem-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 204: “*gʰróm-o-”
^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*ghrómos”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 582
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “χρεμετίζω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1647
^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), “*ghromos”, in The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 129

[1] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*gʰrem-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 204: “*gʰróm-o-”

[2] Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*ghrómos”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 582

[3] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “χρεμετίζω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1647

[4] Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), “*ghromos”, in The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 129

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