Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰelbʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

    Root

    *dʰelbʰ-[1][2][3][4][5]

    1. to dig, excavate

    Derived terms

    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰelbʰ- (9 c, 0 e)
    • *dʰélbʰ-t ~ *dʰl̥bʰ-ént (athematic root aorist)[5]
      • Proto-Tocharian: (< *delbʰ-) (perhaps)
        • Tocharian B: tsälp (“freed, redeemed”)
    • *dʰḗlbʰ-ti ~ *dʰélbʰ-n̥ti (athematic Narten root present?)
      • Proto-Tocharian: *ts'elp- (< *dḗlbʰ-) (perhaps)
        • Tocharian A: śalpatär (“to free, redeem”)
    • *dʰl̥bʰ-sḱé-ti (sḱe-present)[5]
      • Proto-Tocharian: (perhaps)
        • Tocharian B: tsälpäṣṣäṃ (“to free, redeem”)
    • *dʰelbʰ-e-ti[4]
      • Proto-Germanic: *delbaną (“to dig, delve”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *dʰelbʰ-ti[4][3]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *delbtei
        • Lithuanian: del̃bti (“to lower, cast down (one's eyes), beat; chop”)
        • Proto-Slavic: *delbti (see there for further descendants)
    • *dʰelbʰ-tēr[6]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
        • Proto-Slavic: *dętelъ (“woodpecker”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *dʰelbʰ-to-m
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *delbta
        • Proto-Slavic: *delto (“chisel”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *dʰl̥bʰ-eye-ti[7]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dilbīˀtei
        • Proto-Slavic: *dьlbiti (“to hollow, chisel”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *dʰl̥bʰ-ti[2][4]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dilbtei
        • Latvian: dil̃bti (“to lower, cast down”)
        • Lithuanian: dil̃bti (“to lower, cast down”)
        • Proto-Slavic: *dьlbti (“to hollow, chisel”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *dʰolbʰ-eh₂[8][4]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dalbāˀ
        • Latvian: dal̃ba (“tree-trunk, pole, long handle, two-pronged fork, long handle”)
        • Lithuanian: dálba (“lever; lazy-bones”)
        • Proto-Slavic: *dolba (see there for further descendants)
    • *dʰolbʰ-o-s[8]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dalbas
        • Latvian: dal̃bs
        • Proto-Slavic: *dolbъ (see there for further descendants)
    • *dʰolbʰ-to-m[4]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *dálbta (see there for further descendants)
    Unsorted formations
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Latvian: delbis (“two-pronged fork”), dȩl̃bs (“forearm”), dȩlbs (“upperarm”), dȩl̃bi pl (“bars for carrying hay”)
      • Lithuanian: délba (“lever, sullen person”)

    References

    1. ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (1999), “*tsälp-”, in A dictionary of Tocharian B (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 737-738
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dьlti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 134
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Derksen, Rick (2015), “delbti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 120
    4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*delban-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 92
    5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*dʰelbʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 143
    6. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dętelъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 107
    7. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dьlbiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 133
    8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Derksen, Rick (2015), “dalba”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 113
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