Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰudʰrós

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

    From *bʰewdʰ- +‎ *-rós.

    Adjective

    *bʰudʰrós[1]

    1. alert, aware

    Declension

    Thematic
    masculine feminine
    nominative *bʰudʰrós *bʰudʰréh₂
    genitive *bʰudʰrósyo *bʰudʰréh₂s
    masculine singular dual plural
    nominative *bʰudʰrós *bʰudʰróh₁ *bʰudʰróes
    vocative *bʰudʰré *bʰudʰróh₁ *bʰudʰróes
    accusative *bʰudʰróm *bʰudʰróh₁ *bʰudʰróms
    genitive *bʰudʰrósyo *? *bʰudʰróHom
    ablative *bʰudʰréad *? *bʰudʰrómos, *bʰudʰróbʰos
    dative *bʰudʰróey *? *bʰudʰrómos, *bʰudʰróbʰos
    locative *bʰudʰréy, *bʰudʰróy *? *bʰudʰróysu
    instrumental *bʰudʰróh₁ *? *bʰudʰrṓys
    feminine singular dual plural
    nominative *bʰudʰréh₂ *bʰudʰréh₂h₁(e) *bʰudʰréh₂es
    vocative *bʰudʰréh₂ *bʰudʰréh₂h₁(e) *bʰudʰréh₂es
    accusative *bʰudʰrā́m *bʰudʰréh₂h₁(e) *bʰudʰréh₂m̥s
    genitive *bʰudʰréh₂s *? *bʰudʰréh₂oHom
    ablative *bʰudʰréh₂s *? *bʰudʰréh₂mos, *bʰudʰréh₂bʰos
    dative *bʰudʰréh₂ey *? *bʰudʰréh₂mos, *bʰudʰréh₂bʰos
    locative *bʰudʰréh₂, *bʰudʰréh₂i *? *bʰudʰréh₂su
    instrumental *bʰudʰréh₂h₁ *? *bʰudʰréh₂mis, *bʰudʰréh₂bʰis
    neuter singular dual plural
    nominative *bʰudʰróm *bʰudʰróy(h₁) *bʰudʰréh₂
    vocative *bʰudʰróm *bʰudʰróy(h₁) *bʰudʰréh₂
    accusative *bʰudʰróm *bʰudʰróy(h₁) *bʰudʰréh₂
    genitive *bʰudʰrósyo *? *bʰudʰróHom
    ablative *bʰudʰréad *? *bʰudʰrómos, *bʰudʰróbʰos
    dative *bʰudʰróey *? *bʰudʰrómos, *bʰudʰróbʰos
    locative *bʰudʰréy, *bʰudʰróy *? *bʰudʰróysu
    instrumental *bʰudʰróh₁ *? *bʰudʰrṓys

    Descendants

    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *budras[2]
      • Old Lithuanian: budras
        • Lithuanian: budrùs
      • Proto-Slavic: *bъ̀drъ, *bъ̀dřь (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰudʰrás
      • Proto-Iranian: *budráh
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬰𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬌𐬠𐬎𐬛𐬭𐬀 (zaēnibudra)

    References

    1. ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta; Schneider, Carolin (2008), Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, page 37
    2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2015), “budrus”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 104-105