Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/uhnaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

    Ascribed to a Proto-Indo-European root *h₂uk-, *h₂ewk- (“a closed container or vessel for cooking; cookpot; oven”) or similar by equation with Sanskrit उखा (ukhā), Albanian anë, Ancient Greek ἰπνός (ipnós), Latin ōlla. It is unclear whether the byform *ufnaz (Proto-West Germanic *ofn) is the same word, or represents a different word altogether. More at *aflaz.

    Kroonen suggests that the word is a Wanderwort from a pre-IE substrate language, adducing Hittite 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒈾𒀸 (ḫa-ap-pé-na-aš /⁠ḫapːenas⁠/, “baking kiln, fire-pit, broiler (oven)”), Old Prussian wumpnis (“oven”) as additional cognates.[1] Native terms for ovens and stoves are not taken for granted: the East Slavic term плита́ (plitá, “stove”) appears from Ancient Greek in the Middle Ages, against the earlier new formation печь (pečʹ, “oven”), and Arabic, in a warmer climate, seems to have many but no native terms: أَتُّون (ʔattūn), تَنُّور (tannūr), فُرْن (furn), قَمِين (qamīn).

    Noun

    *uhnaz m[1]

    1. oven; furnace

    Inflection

    Declension of *uhnaz (masculine a-stem)
    singular plural
    nominative *uhnaz *uhnōz, *uhnōs
    vocative *uhn *uhnōz, *uhnōs
    accusative *uhną *uhnanz
    genitive *uhnas, *uhnis *uhnǫ̂
    dative *uhnai *uhnamaz
    instrumental *uhnō *uhnamiz

    Alternative reconstructions

    • *ugnaz (North Germanic)
    • *ufnaz (North Germanic, West Germanic)

    Descendants

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*ufna-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 557-8
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