Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sweltaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain. Kroonen suggests that the term may derive from Proto-Indo-European *swéld-e-ti, a thematic present to a root of the shape *sweld-. However, the reconstruction of this root is uncertain. According to Kroonen, *sweld- may relate to the root *swelH- (“to burn”), whence perhaps *swelaną.[1] It is from this same term, *swelaną, that Oryol suggests *sweltaną may have emerged.[2] The term is often compared to Old Armenian քաղց (kʻałcʻ).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈswel.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*sweltaną

  1. to die; succumb

Inflection

Conjugation of *sweltaną (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *sweltō *sweltaų — *sweltai ?
2nd singular *swiltizi *sweltaiz *swelt *sweltazai *sweltaizau
3rd singular *swiltidi *sweltai *sweltadau *sweltadai *sweltaidau
1st dual *sweltōz *sweltaiw — — —
2nd dual *sweltadiz *sweltaidiz *sweltadiz — —
1st plural *sweltamaz *sweltaim — *sweltandai *sweltaindau
2nd plural *swiltid *sweltaid *swiltid *sweltandai *sweltaindau
3rd plural *sweltandi *sweltain *sweltandau *sweltandai *sweltaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *swalt *swultį̄
2nd singular *swalst *swultīz
3rd singular *swalt *swultī
1st dual *swultū *swultīw
2nd dual *swultudiz *swultīdiz
1st plural *swultum *swultīm
2nd plural *swultud *swultīd
3rd plural *swultun *swultīn
present past
participles *sweltandz *swultanaz

Derived terms

  • *swilitjaną

Descendants

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*sweltan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 499
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*sweltanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 394
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