Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/samdaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

  • *sandaz

Etymology

Likely borrowed from a Western European substrate. Cognate with Ancient Greek ψᾰ́μμος (psắmmos), ἄμαθος (ámathos, “sand”), Latin sabulum (“coarse sand, gravel”).[1] Ringe reconstructs the ultimate pre-form of the word as *sámh₂dʰos, though the EIEC considers such a PIE form to be impossible.[2] Kroonen instead provides a reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European *sam-ndʰ.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsɑm.dɑz/

Noun

*samdaz m

  1. sand

Inflection

Declension of *samdaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *samdaz *samdōz, *samdōs
vocative *samd *samdōz, *samdōs
accusative *samdą *samdanz
genitive *samdas, *samdis *samdǫ̂
dative *samdai *samdamaz
instrumental *samdō *samdamiz

Derived terms

  • *samdakurną

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *samd, *sand
  • Old Norse: sandr
  • → Proto-Samic: *sāntē (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*samda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 425-6
  2. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*samh₂dʰos”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 499

Further reading

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