Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/paþaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly borrowed from Iranian[1] during the Alan invasion (compare Old Persian 𐎱𐎰 (p-θ /⁠paθi⁠/)), from Proto-Iranian *pántaHh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pántaHs, from Proto-Indo-European *póntoh₁s, from *pent- (“path”). If so, related to Germanic *funsaz (“ready, willing”) and *finþaną (“to find, to discover, to come upon”), as well as Sanskrit पन्था (pánthā, “way, path”).

However, the above theory has been disputed, with one alternative taking the word as borrowed from Proto-Celtic *batos (“death, pestilence”) (whence Old Irish bath (“death”), Welsh bad (“pest, plague”)), itself from Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to step, go”), at an early stage prior to Grimm's shift; this theory has the additional constraint that the borrowing must have happened before the Celtic underwent the semantic shift "to go" > "to pass away" > "death", and Kroonen appears to ultimately favor Iranian over Celtic origin, despite suggesting both.[2]

In either case, a likely Wanderwort.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑθɑz/

Noun

*paþaz m[2]

  1. path

Inflection

Declension of *paþaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *paþaz *paþōz, *paþōs
vocative *paþ *paþōz, *paþōs
accusative *paþą *paþanz
genitive *paþas, *paþis *paþǫ̂
dative *paþai *paþamaz
instrumental *paþō *paþamiz

Derived terms

  • *paþjaną
  • *paþōną

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 297
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*paþa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 396
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