Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lizaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(le-)lóys-e, stative from the root *leys- (“track, furrow, trace, trail”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈli.zɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*lizaną
- (East Germanic) to know, to be familiar with, to understand
Usage notes
This may already have been a rare word in Proto-Germanic, as it survives only in Gothic. However, the verb survives indirectly in the derived causative *laizijaną (“to teach”) and the Proto-West Germanic fientive *liʀnōn (“to learn”) and therefore its existence can be reconstructed securely. The forms given here are uncertain however.
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *lais | *lizį̄ | — | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *laist | *lizīz | — | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *lais | *lizī | — | — | — | |
| 1st dual | *lizū | *lizīw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *lizudiz | *lizīdiz | — | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *lizum | *lizīm | — | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *lizud | *lizīd | — | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *lizun | *lizīn | — | — | — | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *listǭ | *listēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *listēz | *listēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *listē | *listēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *listēdū | *listēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *listēdudiz | *listēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *listēdum | *listēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *listēdud | *listēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *listēdun | *listēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *lizandz | *listaz | ||||
Alternative reconstructions
- *lisaną[1]
Derived terms
- *laistaz
- *laizijaną
- *līsaz
- Proto-West Germanic: *liʀnōn
Related terms
Descendants
- Gothic: 𐌻𐌹𐍃𐌰𐌽 (lisan)