Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lēgaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*lēgijaz

Etymology

Vṛddhi gerundive of *ligjaną via earlier *legjaną.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈlɛː.ɣɑz/

Adjective

*lēgaz (comparative *lēgizô, superlative *lēgistaz)^[1]

low
flat, level with the ground

Inflection

Declension of *lēgaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*lēgaz	*lēgō	*lēgą, -atō	*lēgai	*lēgôz	*lēgō
accusative	*lēganǭ	*lēgǭ	*lēgą, -atō	*lēganz	*lēgōz	*lēgō
genitive	*lēgas, -is	*lēgaizōz	*lēgas, -is	*lēgaizǫ̂	*lēgaizǫ̂	*lēgaizǫ̂
dative	*lēgammai	*lēgaizōi	*lēgammai	*lēgaimaz	*lēgaimaz	*lēgaimaz
instrumental	*lēganō	*lēgaizō	*lēganō	*lēgaimiz	*lēgaimiz	*lēgaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*lēgô	*lēgǭ	*lēgô	*lēganiz	*lēgōniz	*lēgōnō
accusative	*lēganų	*lēgōnų	*lēgô	*lēganunz	*lēgōnunz	*lēgōnō
genitive	*lēginiz	*lēgōniz	*lēginiz	*lēganǫ̂	*lēgōnǫ̂	*lēganǫ̂
dative	*lēgini	*lēgōni	*lēgini	*lēgammaz	*lēgōmaz	*lēgammaz
instrumental	*lēginē	*lēgōnē	*lēginē	*lēgammiz	*lēgōmiz	*lēgammiz

Alternative reconstructions

*lēguz^[2]

Antonyms

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *lāg
- Old Frisian: lēg, lēch
  - Saterland Frisian: läich
  - West Frisian: leech
- Old Saxon: *lāg
  - Middle Low German: lâch, lâge
    - German Low German: laag
- Old Dutch: *lāg
  - Middle Dutch: lage, laech
    - Dutch: laag
      - Afrikaans: laag
      - Jersey Dutch: lêx
      - → Sranan Tongo: lagi
        → Aukan: lagi
Old Norse: lágr
- Icelandic: lágur
- Faroese: lágur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: låg
  - → Norwegian Bokmål: låg
- Old Swedish: lāgher
  - Swedish: låg
- Old Danish: lagh
  - Danish: lav
    - Norwegian Bokmål: lav
- → Middle English: lah, laȝ, laȝgh, laghe, lawe, law, louȝ, lou, loȝ, logh, lough, low, lowe, loue
  - English: low
  - Geordie: law
  - Scots: laich
⇒ Proto-Germanic: *lēgijaz
- Proto-West Germanic: *lāgī
  - Old English: *lǣġe
    - Middle English: leyȝe, leye, ley, lay
      - English: ley, lea
      - Scots: ley, le, lie, lay
    - ⇒ Old English: lǣġæcer
    - ⇒ Old English: lǣġhryċġ
  - Old Saxon: *lāgi
    - Middle Low German: lêge, lêch
      - Low German: leeg
  - Old Dutch: *lāgi
    - Middle Dutch: lege, leech
      - West Flemish: leeg
  - Old High German: *lāgi (attested in compounds)
    - Middle High German: læge
      - German: läg, leg (obsolete or dialectal)
→ Proto-Finnic: *laaka (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “lēȝaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 244
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 330

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003), “lēȝaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 244

[2] Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 330

[1]

[2]