Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hringijaną
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxriŋ.ɡi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology 1
From *hringaz (“a ring, sound”) + *-janą.[1]
Verb
*hringijaną[1]
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *hringijō | *hringijaų | — | *hringijai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *hringīsi | *hringijais | *hringī | *hringijasai | *hringijaisau | |
| 3rd singular | *hringīþi | *hringijai | *hringijaþau | *hringijaþai | *hringijaiþau | |
| 1st dual | *hringijōs | *hringijaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *hringijaþiz | *hringijaiþiz | *hringijaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *hringijamaz | *hringijaim | — | *hringijanþai | *hringijainþau | |
| 2nd plural | *hringīþ | *hringijaiþ | *hringīþ | *hringijanþai | *hringijainþau | |
| 3rd plural | *hringijanþi | *hringijain | *hringijanþau | *hringijanþai | *hringijainþau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *hringidǭ | *hringidēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *hringidēz | *hringidēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *hringidē | *hringidēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *hringidēdū | *hringidēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *hringidēdudiz | *hringidēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *hringidēdum | *hringidēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *hringidēdud | *hringidēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *hringidēdun | *hringidēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *hringijandz | *hringidaz | ||||
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *hringijan
- Old Norse: hringja
Etymology 2
From *hringaz (“a ring, a circle”) + *-janą. Compare Proto-Slavic *krǫžiti.
Verb
*hringijaną
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *hringijō | *hringijaų | — | *hringijai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *hringīsi | *hringijais | *hringī | *hringijasai | *hringijaisau | |
| 3rd singular | *hringīþi | *hringijai | *hringijaþau | *hringijaþai | *hringijaiþau | |
| 1st dual | *hringijōs | *hringijaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *hringijaþiz | *hringijaiþiz | *hringijaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *hringijamaz | *hringijaim | — | *hringijanþai | *hringijainþau | |
| 2nd plural | *hringīþ | *hringijaiþ | *hringīþ | *hringijanþai | *hringijainþau | |
| 3rd plural | *hringijanþi | *hringijain | *hringijanþau | *hringijanþai | *hringijainþau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *hringidǭ | *hringidēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *hringidēz | *hringidēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *hringidē | *hringidēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *hringidēdū | *hringidēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *hringidēdudiz | *hringidēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *hringidēdum | *hringidēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *hringidēdud | *hringidēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *hringidēdun | *hringidēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *hringijandz | *hringidaz | ||||
Related terms
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *hringijan
- Old Norse: hringja