Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gerdaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- (“to enclose”).[1]
Verb
*gerdaną[1]
- to gird
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *gerdō | *gerdaų | — | *gerdai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *girdizi | *gerdaiz | *gerd | *gerdazai | *gerdaizau | |
| 3rd singular | *girdidi | *gerdai | *gerdadau | *gerdadai | *gerdaidau | |
| 1st dual | *gerdōz | *gerdaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *gerdadiz | *gerdaidiz | *gerdadiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *gerdamaz | *gerdaim | — | *gerdandai | *gerdaindau | |
| 2nd plural | *girdid | *gerdaid | *girdid | *gerdandai | *gerdaindau | |
| 3rd plural | *gerdandi | *gerdain | *gerdandau | *gerdandai | *gerdaindau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *gard | *gurdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *garst | *gurdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *gard | *gurdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *gurdū | *gurdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *gurdudiz | *gurdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *gurdum | *gurdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *gurdud | *gurdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *gurdun | *gurdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *gerdandz | *gurdanaz | ||||
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- >? Old Frisian: gerda (may also derive from *gurdijaną)
- Old Norse: *gjarða
- Faroese: gjarða (weak, but may have been strong originally)
- Gothic: *𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*gairdan) (in 𐌱𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌽 (bigairdan), 𐌿𐍆𐌲𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌽 (ufgairdan))