Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/garaidijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *garaidaz (“ready, prepared”) +‎ *-janą.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɣɑ.ˈrɑi̯.ði.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*garaidijaną^[1]

to arrange, set in order

Inflection

Conjugation of *garaidijaną (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*garaidijō	*garaidijaų	—	*garaidijai	?
2nd singular	*garaidīsi	*garaidijais	*garaidī	*garaidijasai	*garaidijaisau
3rd singular	*garaidīþi	*garaidijai	*garaidijaþau	*garaidijaþai	*garaidijaiþau
1st dual	*garaidijōs	*garaidijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*garaidijaþiz	*garaidijaiþiz	*garaidijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*garaidijamaz	*garaidijaim	—	*garaidijanþai	*garaidijainþau
2nd plural	*garaidīþ	*garaidijaiþ	*garaidīþ	*garaidijanþai	*garaidijainþau
3rd plural	*garaidijanþi	*garaidijain	*garaidijanþau	*garaidijanþai	*garaidijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*garaididǭ	*garaididēdį̄
2nd singular	*garaididēz	*garaididēdīz
3rd singular	*garaididē	*garaididēdī
1st dual	*garaididēdū	*garaididēdīw
2nd dual	*garaididēdudiz	*garaididēdīdiz
1st plural	*garaididēdum	*garaididēdīm
2nd plural	*garaididēdud	*garaididēdīd
3rd plural	*garaididēdun	*garaididēdīn

	present	past
participles	*garaidijandz	*garaididaz

Derived terms

*garaidijaz
*garaidīniz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *garaidijan
- Old English: ġerǣdan
  - Middle English: geræden, gereden, ȝeræden, ireden
    - English: ready (partly backformed from the adjective)
- Old Saxon: *girēdian
  - Middle Low German: gerêden
- Old Dutch: *gireiden, *girēden
  - Middle Dutch: gereiden, gerêden
    - Dutch: gereden, gereiden (obsolete or dialectal)
- Old High German: *gireiten (suggested by derivatives: gireitungī, gireitnissī, etc.)
  - Middle High German: gereiten
Old Norse: greiða
- Icelandic: greiða (“to pay, comb”)
- Faroese: greiða
- Norwegian: (dialectal) greia, greide, greida (“to manage, be able to”)
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: greie
  - Norwegian Bokmål: greie
  - → Danish: greje
  - → Swedish: greja
- Swedish: (obsolete) gre, greda (“to settle, arrange”)
- Danish: grede
  - Norwegian Bokmål: gre
- → Middle English: graithen, greithen
  - English: (obsolete) graith (“to make ready, dress”)
  - Scots: graith
- → Old French: greer, greier
  - French: gréer (“to rig”)
Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (garaidjan)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “raid(j)a-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 402: “*(ga-)raidjan-”

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “raid(j)a-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 402: “*(ga-)raidjan-”

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