Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/anda-

From pre-Germanic *h₂entó-, a combining form or allative formation from the Proto-Indo-European root noun *h₂énts. Cognate with Proto-Tocharian *ā́ntë (“in front of”).

Compare Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳 (and), which may preserve the original preposition *anda (or similar).

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑn.dɑ/

*anda-

1. facing
2. against, opposing
3. un-, de-

• Proto-West Germanic: *anda-
  • Old English: and-, an-, ond-, on-
    • English: an-, and-, on-, un-
  • Old Frisian: *and-, und-, ant-
    • Saterland Frisian: änt-
    • West Frisian: unt-, ûnt, ûnd
  • Old Saxon: and-
    • Middle Low German: ent-
      • German Low German: ent-
  • Old Dutch: ant-
    • Middle Dutch: ont-, ant-
      • Dutch: ont-
        • Afrikaans: ont-
  • Old High German: ant-, anta-, int-
    • Middle High German: ent-, -int-, ant-
      • German: ent-, emp-
• Old Norse: and-
  • Icelandic: and-
  • Faroese: and-
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: and-
  • Norwegian Bokmål: and-
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰- (anda-), 𐌰𐌽𐌳- (and-)
• Vandalic: *and-

• *andi