Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-inz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-ims (i-stem accusative plural), from *-is (i-stem suffix) +‎ *-ms (accusative plural suffix); compare dialectal -ινς (-ins), Latin -īs, and Sanskrit -ईन् (-īn).

Suffix

*-inz^[1]^[2]

Forms the accusative plural of masculine/feminine i-stem nouns.
‎*albiz (“elf”) + ‎*-inz → ‎*albinz (“elves”)

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *-ī
- Old English: -e (early -i)
- Old Saxon: -i, -e
  - Middle Low German: -e
    - Low German: -e
- Old Dutch: -i
  - Middle Dutch: -e
- Old High German: -i, -e
  - Middle High German: -e
    - Bavarian:
      Cimbrian: -e
    - German: -e
    - East Central German: -e
    - Rhine Franconian:
      Hessian: -e (Northern)
Old Norse: -i
- Icelandic: -i
- Faroese: -i (Suðuroy, obsolete)^[3]
- Middle Norwegian: -i, -e
- Elfdalian: -i
- Old Swedish: -i, -e
- Old Gutnish: -e
- Old Danish: -æ, -e
Gothic: -𐌹𐌽𐍃 (-ins)

References

^ Fulk, R[obert] D. (September 2018), “Nouns”, in A Comparative Grammar of the Early Germanic Languages (Studies in Germanic Linguistics; 3)‎^[1], Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →DOI, →ISBN, →LCCN, § 7.21, page 161.
^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 272
^ Hammershaimb, V. U. (1854), “Færøisk sproglære”, in Annaler for nordisk oldkyndighed og historie, Kjöbenhavn: Det Kongelige Nordiske oldskriftselskab, →OCLC, page 274: “Gf. flt. endes på Syderø på i, men er ellers overalt bleven lig nf.”

[1] Fulk, R[obert] D. (September 2018), “Nouns”, in A Comparative Grammar of the Early Germanic Languages (Studies in Germanic Linguistics; 3)‎^[1], Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →DOI, →ISBN, →LCCN, § 7.21, page 161.

[2] Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 272

[3] Hammershaimb, V. U. (1854), “Færøisk sproglære”, in Annaler for nordisk oldkyndighed og historie, Kjöbenhavn: Det Kongelige Nordiske oldskriftselskab, →OCLC, page 274: “Gf. flt. endes på Syderø på i, men er ellers overalt bleven lig nf.”

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