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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Usually considered to derive from pre-Germanic *(s)teyg- (“to pierce, prick, be sharp”), though with superficial mechanical reasoning, with dubious though formally possibly succedent zero-grade *-sd- (“sitting”), having acquired the Germanic suffix *-ilaz.[1] Compare *mistilaz for the formation.
Alternatively, Orel considers the word to be formed from Proto-Indo-European *tetḱ- (“to cut, fashion”) + *-elo- (the latter whence *-ilaz).[2]
Pronunciation
Noun
*þistilaz m[2]
- thistle
Inflection
Declension of *þistilaz (masculine a-stem)
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singular
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plural
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| nominative
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*þistilaz
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*þistilōz, *þistilōs
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| vocative
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*þistil
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*þistilōz, *þistilōs
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| accusative
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*þistilą
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*þistilanz
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| genitive
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*þistilas, *þistilis
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*þistilǫ̂
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| dative
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*þistilai
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*þistilamaz
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| instrumental
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*þistilō
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*þistilamiz
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Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *þistil
- Old English: þistel
- Middle English: thistel, þistel, thystyl, þistil, thestel, thystylle, thystyll, þestel, thistill, þystel, þissle, thystul
- Old Frisian: *thistel
- Saterland Frisian: Tíesel
- West Frisian: tister; tiksel (latter likely confused with *þinhslō because of their merger in Middle Low German)
- Old Saxon: thistil, thīstil
- Old Dutch: *thistil, *thīstil
- Middle Dutch: distel, diestel
- Dutch: distel, (early also) dijstel
- Old High German: distil, distila
- Old Norse: þistill
References
- ^ Balles, Irene (1999), “Zum germanischen Namen der Mistel”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics[1] (in German), volume 112, number 1, page 140
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Vladimir Orel (2003), “*þe(x)stilaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 419