Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þarbō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *torp-éh₂, from *terp- (“to satisfy; to need”).[1] The details of the semantic shift are uncertain. According to Kroonen, Germanic may have preserved an older sense “to use” which has not survived in the other branches.[2]

Noun

*þarbō f

  1. need

Inflection

Declension of *þarbō (ō-stem)
singular plural
nominative *þarbō *þarbôz
vocative *þarbō *þarbôz
accusative *þarbǭ *þarbōz
genitive *þarbōz *þarbǫ̂
dative *þarbōi *þarbōmaz
instrumental *þarbō *þarbōmiz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *þarbu
    • Old English: þearf
      • Middle English: thearf, therf
    • Old Saxon: tharf
    • Old High German: darba
  • Proto-Norse: *ᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ (*þarbu)
  • Gothic: 𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰 (þarba)
  • → Proto-Finnic: *tarbis (? < *þarbiz) (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*þarbō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 534
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*þurfan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 552
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