Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/vapras
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Uncertain. Possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *fagraz, or from hypothetical Proto-Germanic *wabraz (“moving, lively, brisk ?”) (related to Old Norse vafra (“to move unsteadily, flicker”), Old English wæfre (“wavering, restless”), Danish væver (“brisk, lively”)).[1]
Adjective
*vapras[2]
Inflection
Inflection of *vapras
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *vapras | *vaprahët | |
| accusative | *vaprahën | *vaprahët | |
| genitive | *vaprahën | *vaprastën *vaprahidën | |
| partitive | *vaprasta | *vaprahita | |
| inessive | *vaprahëssa *vaprahëhna |
*vaprahissa *vaprahihna | |
| elative | *vaprahësta | *vaprahista | |
| illative | *vaprahësën | *vaprahisën | |
| adessive | *vaprahëlla | *vaprahilla | |
| ablative | *vaprahëlta | *vaprahilta | |
| allative | *vaprahëlën *vaprahëlëk |
*vaprahilën *vaprahilëk | |
| essive | *vaprassa | *vaprahina | |
| translative | *vaprahëksi | *vaprahiksi | |
| instructive | *vaprahën | *vaprahin | |
| comitative | *vaprassëk | *vaprahinëk | |
| abessive | *vaprahëtta | *vaprahitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: vapper
- Finnish: vauras
- Karelian:
- >? South Karelian: vauras (borrowed from Finnish ?)
- Võro: vabras
References
Further reading
- “vapper”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “vauras”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN