Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/salbat'ak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From *salpa (“bolt”) + *-t'ak.
Verb
*salbat'ak (stem *salpada-) (Northern Finnic)
Inflection
Inflection of *salbat'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *salpadan | *salpacin | — | *salbatkon |
| 2nd sing. | *salpadat | *salpacit | *salpadak | *salbatkos |
| 3rd sing. | *salpadapi *salbat |
*salpaci | *salbatkasën | *salbatkosën |
| 1st plur. | *salpadakma | *salpacima | *salbatkatëma | *salbatkotëma |
| 2nd plur. | *salpadakta | *salpacita | *salbatkata | *salbatkotta |
| 3rd plur. | *salpadabat *salbat |
*salpaci | *salbatkasën | *salbatkosën |
| passive | *salpadaksën *salpadat'aksën |
*salbattisën *salpadattihën |
*salbattakahën *salpadattagasën |
*salbattakohën *salpadattagosën |
| connegative | *salpadak | — | *salbatkak | *salbatkok |
| passive connegative | *salpadaktak | — | *salbattagak *salpadattagak |
*salbattagok *salpadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *salpadakcin | *salpacicin | *salbannën | |
| 2nd sing. | *salpadakcit | *salpacicit | *salbannët | |
| 3rd sing. | *salpadakci | *salpacici | *salbanni | |
| 1st plur. | *salpadakcima | *salpacicima | *salbannëma | |
| 2nd plur. | *salpadakcida | *salpacicida | *salbannëta | |
| 3rd plur. | *salpadakci | *salpacici | *salbanni | |
| passive | *salbat'akcihën *salpadat'akcisën |
*salbatticihën *salpadatticisën |
*salbattanëhën *salpadattanësën | |
| connegative | *salpadakcik | *salpacicik | *salbannëk | |
| passive connegative | *salbat'akcik *salpadat'akcik |
*salbatticik *salpadatticik |
*salbattanëk *salpadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *salbat'ak | present | *salpadapa | *salbattapa *salpadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *salbattë- | past | *salbannut | *salbattu *salpadattu |
| gerund/supine | *salpadama | negative | *salpadamat'oin | |
| action noun | *salpadaminën | |||
Descendants
- Finnish: salvata
- → Inari Sami: salbađ
- Ingrian: salvata
- Karelian:
- Livvi: salvata
- Ludian: salbata
- Veps: saubata
Further reading
- Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “salpa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN