Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pitkä

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From a stem *pit(e)- +‎ *-kä, from Proto-Uralic *pide. Formally identical to Proto-Samoyedic *pirkä (“high”); other cognates include Hungarian fel, föl (“up”).

Many of the derived terms are derived directly from the stem *pit(e)-, but the inflection appears to be based on the stem *pitkä- in every descendant. Some descendants have further levelled it to e.g. the comparative form (as if from **pitkempi).

Adjective

*pitkä[1]

  1. long
  2. tall

Inflection

Inflection of *pitkä
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *pitkä *pitkät
accusative *pitkän *pitkät
genitive *pitkän *pitkäden
*pitkeiden
partitive *pitkädä *pitkeidä
inessive *pitkässä
*pitkähnä 		*pitkeissä
*pitkeihnä
elative *pitkästä *pitkeistä
illative *pitkähen *pitkeihen
adessive *pitkällä *pitkeillä
ablative *pitkältä *pitkeiltä
allative *pitkälen
*pitkälek 		*pitkeilen
*pitkeilek
essive *pitkänä *pitkeinä
translative *pitkäksi *pitkeiksi
instructive *pitkän *pitkein
comitative *pitkänek *pitkeinek
abessive *pitkättä *pitkeittä
  • *picin
  • *pidempi
  • *pidet'äk
  • *piduc
  • *pidusta

Descendants

  • Estonian: pikk
  • Finnish: pitkä
  • Ingrian: pitkä, pitki
  • Karelian:
  • Livonian: pitkā
  • Livvi: pitky
  • Ludian: pitk, pitʹk
  • Veps: pitʹk
  • Võro: pikk
  • Votic: pittše

References

  1. ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*pitkä”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎[1] (in Finnish)
  • “pikk”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
  • Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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