Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kaihas
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From earlier *kaišas, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *gaizaz. For the shift *ai > *ei, compare *haina, *laipa, *saibas, *saina. Doublet of *kaira.
Noun
*kaihas (Northern Finnic)
Inflection
Inflection of *kaihas
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kaihas | *kaihahët | |
| accusative | *kaihahën | *kaihahët | |
| genitive | *kaihahën | *kaihastën *kaihahidën | |
| partitive | *kaihasta | *kaihahita | |
| inessive | *kaihahëssa *kaihahëhna |
*kaihahissa *kaihahihna | |
| elative | *kaihahësta | *kaihahista | |
| illative | *kaihahësën | *kaihahisën | |
| adessive | *kaihahëlla | *kaihahilla | |
| ablative | *kaihahëlta | *kaihahilta | |
| allative | *kaihahëlën *kaihahëlëk |
*kaihahilën *kaihahilëk | |
| essive | *kaihassa | *kaihahina | |
| translative | *kaihahëksi | *kaihahiksi | |
| instructive | *kaihahën | *kaihahin | |
| comitative | *kaihassëk | *kaihahinëk | |
| abessive | *kaihahëtta | *kaihahitta | |
Descendants
- Finnish: keihäs
- Ingrian: keihäs
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: keihäš
- South Karelian: keihäs, keijäs
- Livvi: kejjäs
- Ludian: keihäz
- Veps: keihaz
Further reading
- Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “keihäs”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN