Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-i-

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology 1

    From Proto-Uralic *-j (oblique plural marker).

    Infix

    *-i-

    1. Plural number marker in other cases than the nominative (and optionally the genitive).
    Usage notes
    • Not all genitive plural endings feature this marker.
    Descendants
    • Estonian: -i- (in many cases often secondary to -de-, if an option at all)
    • Finnish: -i-
    • Ingrian: -i-
    • Karelian:
      • North Karelian: -i-
      • South Karelian: -i-
    • Livonian: -ī-, -i- (or transphonologized)
    • Livvi: -i-
    • Ludian: -i-
    • Veps: -i-
    • Võro: -i-
    • Votic: -i-

    Etymology 2

      From Proto-Finno-Ugric *-j (past tense marker).

      Infix

      *-i-

      1. Past tense marker.
      Usage notes
      • Comes before the person marker.
      • For the negative verb, see *e-.
      Descendants

      Further reading

      • Hakulinen, Lauri. 1941–2000. Suomen kielen rakenne ja kehitys ('The Structure and Development of the Finnish Language'). Helsinki: Otava/Helsingin yliopisto.
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