Reconstruction:Proto-Athabaskan/tseˑ

This Proto-Athabaskan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Athabaskan

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Na-Dene *caj.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /t͡sʰeː/

Noun

*tseˑ^[2]

stone

Alternative reconstructions

*ceˑ (Krauss 1987)
*tseː (Leer 2010)

Descendants

Proto-Apachean:
- Chiricahua: tsé
- Jicarilla: tsé
- Lipan: tsí
- Navajo: tsé
- Plains Apache: tséé
- Western Apache: tséé, tsé
North Athabaskan
- Ahtna: tsae
- Beaver: chée
- Carrier: t̲s̲e
- Chipewyan: tθee
- Dogrib: kwe
- Gwich'in: kii
- Lower Tanana: ttha, tla
- Tsuut'ina: tsá
- Sekani: tsee
- Slavey:
  - North Slavey:
    Bearlake: kwee
    
    Hare: fee
    
    Mountain: pee
  - South Slavey: tthe, tse
Pacific Coast Athabaskan:
- Wailaki: see

References

^ Fortescue, Michael; Vajda, Edward (2022), Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 353: “*tseˑ”
^ Keren Rice (1989), A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 91

[1] Fortescue, Michael; Vajda, Edward (2022), Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 353: “*tseˑ”

[2] Keren Rice (1989), A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 91

[1]

[2]