Reconstruction:Proto-Athabaskan/-ɢa̓ˑnəʼ

This Proto-Athabaskan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Athabaskan

Etymology

From Proto-Na-Dene. Cognate with Eyak -ɢəla’ and Tlingit jín (“hand”).

Compared to Proto-Yeniseian *ɢejn[1].

Noun

*-ɢa̓ˑnəʼ

  1. (inalienable) arm

Usage notes

  • This noun apparently exhibited inalienable possession, as it does in most daughter languages.
  • This page follows the Krauss 1979 reconstruction, and includes the possessed noun suffix *-əʼ. Leer (2005) instead reconstructs this suffix as *-eˑʼ, which would suggest a form *-ɢa̓ˑneˑʼ

Descendants

  • Northern Athabaskan:
    • Ahtna: -ggaane’
    • Beaver: -góné’
    • Chilcotin: -gán
    • Chipewyan: dënegáné
    • Dena'ina: -ɢuna
    • Dogrib: gogǫ̀ǫ̀
    • Galice: gaaneʔ
    • Hän: -gæ̀nn’
    • Lower Tanana: -gona'
    • Mattole: -gaane’
    • North Slavey: -góné’
    • Slavey: -gǫ́’
    • Sekani: -gòne’
    • Tsuut'ina: -gànὰ’
    • Tanacross: shgáan' (first-person singular)
  • Pacific Coast Athabaskan:
    • Hupa: -ɢan-
  • Southern Athabaskan:
    • Chiricahua: -gan
    • Jicarilla: -gan
    • Lipan: -gąą’
    • Navajo: agaan
    • Plains Apache: -gąą
    • Western Apache: -gan

References

  1. ^ Fortescue, Michael; Vajda, Edward (2022), “95.) ~*ɢejn”, in Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 372
  • Sharon Hargus; Keren Rice (2005), Athabaskan Prosody, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 95
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